TropaeolummajusL.是一种传统的药用植物,由于硫代葡萄糖苷的降解产物具有广泛的生物活性。因此,这项研究的目的是通过使用微波辅助萃取(MAE)和微波水扩散和重力(MHG)分离的水溶胶(HYs)的气相色谱-质谱分析(GC-MS)来鉴定挥发物。针对宫颈癌细胞系(HeLa)测试了细胞毒性活性,人结肠癌细胞系(HCT116),人骨肉瘤细胞系(U2OS),和健康细胞系(RPE1)。使用人角质形成细胞(HaCaT)研究了对伤口愈合的影响,同时测试了HYs的抗菌活性,以抵抗金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌对聚苯乙烯表面的生长和粘附。确定了针对烟草花叶病毒(TMV)的抗植物病毒活性。GC-MS分析表明,使用MAE(62.29%BITC和15.02%BCN)和MHG(17.89%BITC和65.33%BCN)提取技术,T.majus的HYs中的两个主要化合物是异硫氰酸苄酯(BITC)和苄基氰(BCN)。与使用MHG获得的HYs(IC50值为719.01-1307.03μg/mL)相比,使用MAE获得的HYs对测试的癌细胞系显示出更好的细胞毒性活性(IC50值为472.61-637.07μg/mL)。与未处理的细胞相比,使用MAE的两种浓度(5和20µg/mL)的T.majusHYs在促进间隙闭合方面表现出轻度但统计学上不显著的作用。而使用浓度为15µg/mL的MHG分离的T.majusHY对伤口愈合具有统计学意义的负面影响。测试表明,使用MAE分离的HY的MIC浓度高于0.5mg/mL,和使用MHG分离的HY为2mg/mL。使用MHG分离的HY在2mg/mL的浓度下降低了大肠杆菌的粘附,同时也降低了浓度为1mg/mL的金黄色葡萄球菌的粘附力。两种水溶胶对TMV均表现出优异的抗植物病毒活性,100%抑制受感染植物叶片上的局部病变,这是用水溶胶处理首次获得这样的结果。由于抗植物病毒活性的结果,T.majus的水溶胶在农业生产中具有广阔的前景。
Tropaeolum majus L. is a traditional medicinal plant with a wide range of biological activities due to the degradation products of the glucosinolate glucotropaeolin. Therefore, the goals of this study were to identify volatiles using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS) of the hydrosols (HYs) isolated using microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity (MHG). Cytotoxic activity was tested against a cervical cancer cell line (HeLa), human colon cancer cell line (HCT116), human osteosarcoma cell line (U2OS), and healthy cell line (RPE1). The effect on wound healing was investigated using human keratinocyte cells (HaCaT), while the antibacterial activity of the HYs was tested against growth and adhesion to a polystyrene surface of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Antiphytoviral activity against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) was determined. The GC-MS analysis showed that the two main compounds in the HYs of T. majus are benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) and benzyl cyanide (BCN) using the MAE (62.29% BITC and 15.02% BCN) and MHG (17.89% BITC and 65.33% BCN) extraction techniques. The HYs obtained using MAE showed better cytotoxic activity against the tested cancer cell lines (IC50 value of 472.61-637.07 µg/mL) compared to the HYs obtained using MHG (IC50 value of 719.01-1307.03 μg/mL). Both concentrations (5 and 20 µg/mL) of T. majus HYs using MAE showed a mild but statistically non-significant effect in promoting gap closure compared with untreated cells, whereas the T. majus HY isolated using MHG at a concentration of 15 µg/mL showed a statistically significant negative effect on wound healing. The test showed that the MIC concentration was above 0.5 mg/mL for the HY isolated using MAE, and 2 mg/mL for the HY isolated using MHG. The HY isolated using MHG reduced the adhesion of E. coli at a concentration of 2 mg/mL, while it also reduced the adhesion of S. aureus at a concentration of 1 mg/mL. Both hydrosols showed excellent antiphytoviral activity against TMV, achieving100% inhibition of local lesions on the leaves of infected plants, which is the first time such a result was obtained with a hydrosol treatment. Due to the antiphytoviral activity results, hydrosols of T. majus have a promising future for use in agricultural production.