刺参(海参)是我国最有价值的水产养殖品种之一,不同的疾病会限制其经济发展。最近,一种新的疾病,体囊泡综合征(BVS),在A.japonicus水产养殖中观察到。患病动物没有表现出明显的表型特征;然而,在采后阶段煮沸后,水泡,裂解,身体出现破裂。在这项研究中,结合肠道微生物群分析的多组学策略,池塘微生物组,并建立了刺槐基因型以研究BVS。对差异表达蛋白(DEP)和代谢物的详细分析表明,细胞粘附结构的变化,由维生素B5缺乏介导的脂肪酸β氧化紊乱引起,可能是一种推定的BVS机制。此外,由于池塘水中微生物组的变化而引起的肠道菌群失调被认为是维生素B5缺乏的潜在原因。我们的BVS指数,基于从刺槐肠道微生物群鉴定的生物标志物,是BVS诊断的有用工具。最后,补充维生素B5已成功用于治疗BVS,提示与BVS病因有关。重要性身体水泡综合征(BVS)是海参水产养殖中的一种新型疾病。由于没有可见的表型特征,BVS在水产养殖和采后活动期间很难确认,直到动物被煮沸。因此,与海参养殖中的其他疾病相比,BVS可能导致严重的经济损失。在这项研究中,第一次,我们系统地研究了BVS的发病机制,并提出了有效的治疗方法。此外,基于肠道微生物群,我们建立了海参BVS的无创诊断方法。
Apostichopus japonicus (sea cucumber) is one of the most valuable aquaculture species in
China; however, different diseases can limit its economic development. Recently, a novel disease, body vesicular syndrome (BVS), was observed in A. japonicus aquaculture. Diseased animals displayed no obvious phenotypic characteristics; however, after boiling at the postharvest stage, blisters, lysis, and body ruptures appeared. In this study, a multiomics strategy incorporating analysis of the gut microbiota, the pond microbiome, and A. japonicus genotype was established to investigate BVS. Detailed analyses of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and metabolites suggested that changes in cell adhesion structures, caused by disordered fatty acid β-oxidation mediated by vitamin B5 deficiency, could be a putative BVS mechanism. Furthermore, intestinal dysbacteriosis due to microbiome variations in pond water was considered a potential reason for vitamin B5 deficiency. Our BVS index, based on biomarkers identified from the A. japonicus gut microbiota, was a useful tool for BVS diagnosis. Finally, vitamin B5 supplementation was successfully used to treat BVS, suggesting an association with BVS etiology. IMPORTANCE Body vesicular syndrome (BVS) is a novel disease in sea cucumber aquaculture. As no phenotypic features are visible, BVS is difficult to confirm during aquaculture and postharvest activities, until animals are boiled. Therefore, BVS could lead to severe economic losses compared with other diseases in sea cucumber aquaculture. In this study, for the first time, we systematically investigated BVS pathogenesis and proposed an effective treatment for the condition. Moreover, based on the gut microbiota, we established a noninvasive diagnostic method for BVS in sea cucumber.