百香果(西番莲),一种药用植物,于19世纪初传入中国,主要在南部省份种植(梁等人。2019)。2023年3月,进行了一项调查,从榆林百香果栽培区(22.6570263°E;110.1765019°N)采集了167个样品,除了种植基地出现黄叶外,发育迟缓,和根部独特的疣。在胆汁中,根结线虫。观察到雌性和卵质量。从根际土壤中,提取第二阶段青少年(J2),人口密度为105/500克土壤。根据形态特征确定该物种为肠根结线虫,包括女性会阴模式,和遗传分析。女性(n=10)会阴图案呈椭圆形,有粗糙光滑的条纹,背弓圆形到正方形,和侧线没有区别。男性的头帽又高又圆,头部区域仅稍微偏离身体,旋钮大,卵形到圆形。男性(n=10)的测量包括体长,1,230.7±244.94(997至1,569)µm;a,38.58±7.8(33.45至47.05)µm;c,113.03±26.22(80.82至144.23)µm;探针,15.68±1.1(14.5至17.4)µm;针状体,31.83±2.84(28.69至36.1)µm;尾部,11.09±1.72(8.02至13.38)µm;和gubernaculum长度,8.34±0.28(8.11至8.98)µm。J2(n=20)的测量包括体长,455.75±44.94(381至512)µm;a,26.32±3.89(18.18至32.70)µm;c,8.56±1.2(6.36至10.80)µm;探针,12.44±0.76(11.2至13.8)µm;DGO,3.65±0.54(2.84至4.68)µm;尾部,53.89±6.36(39.8至62.2)µm;透明尾端,11.77±2.83(7.14至16.2)微米。这些形态学特征类似于肠病分枝杆菌的原始描述中报道的那些(Yang和Eisenback1983)。部分ITS区的序列用V5367(5'-TTGATTACGCCCTGCCCTGCCCTTT-3')和26S(5'-TTTCACTCGCCGTCTTACTAAGG-3')引物扩增(Vrain等人。1992).细胞色素氧化酶亚基II(COII)和16SrRNA线粒体DNA(mtDNACOII)之间的区域也用引物C2F3(5'-GGTCAATGTTCAGAAATTTGTGTGG-3\')(Powers和Harris1993)和MRH106(5'-AATTTCTAAGACTTTTCTTAGT-3\')进行了扩增(等。1997).ITS区域产生757bp的片段(OR072957)和706bp的mtDNACOII(OR078415)。BLAST搜索表明该序列与肠球菌的几个序列(分别为MT406250、MH756127和AY831967、MN269940)100%相同。为了确认致病性,20百香果(P.edulisSim.f.flavicarpa)将30天龄的幼苗移植到装有高压灭菌的沙子和田间土壤(3:1)混合物的盆中,并在25±2°C,相对湿度为65±5%的温室中保持。八周后,用500J2/盆(从原始田间收集的线虫培养物)接种15株植物,另外五株未接种的植物作为对照。两个月后,地上症状与野外观察到的症状相似。发生线虫繁殖并观察到根gall。繁殖因子(线虫最终种群密度/初始种群密度)为4.8。该病在广西玉林市严重。广西是百香果文化的重要区域,大约2000公顷,占中国产量的三分之二(Xing等人。2020)。这是在广西玉林市首次记录的肠球菌自然感染,中国。
Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis), a medicinal plant, was introduced into
China in the early 19th century, is mainly cultivated in southern provinces (Liang et al. 2019). During March 2023, a survey was carried out and 167 samples were taken from passion fruit cultivated area in Yulin (22.6570263°E; 110.1765019°N) apart from the planting base appeared yellow leaves, stunted growth, and distinctive galls on the roots. Within the galls, Meloidogyne sp. females and egg masses were observed. From the rhizosphere soil, second-stage juveniles (J2) were extracted, and population density was 105/500 g soil. The species was determined to be Meloidogyne enterolobii based on morphological characteristics, including female perineal pattern, and genetic analyses. Female (n = 10) perineal patterns showed oval shape, with coarse and smooth striae, dorsal arch rounded to square, and lateral lines not distinct. The male head cap was high and rounded, with the head region only slightly set off from the body, knobs large, ovoid to rounded. The measurements of males (n = 10) included body length, 1,230.7 ± 244.94 (997 to 1,569) µm; a, 38.58 ± 7.8 (33.45 to 47.05) µm; c, 113.03 ± 26.22 (80.82 to 144.23) µm; stylet, 15.68 ± 1.1 (14.5 to 17.4) µm; spicules, 31.83 ± 2.84 (28.69 to 36.1) µm; tail, 11.09 ± 1.72 (8.02 to 13.38) µm; and gubernaculum length, 8.34 ± 0.28 (8.11 to 8.98) µm. Measurements of J2 (n = 20) included body length, 455.75 ± 44.94 (381 to 512) µm; a, 26.32 ± 3.89 (18.18 to 32.70) µm; c, 8.56 ± 1.2 (6.36 to 10.80) µm; stylet, 12.44 ± 0.76 (11.2 to 13.8) µm; DGO, 3.65 ± 0.54 (2.84 to 4.68) µm; tail, 53.89 ± 6.36 (39.8 to 62.2) µm; and hyaline tail terminus, 11.77 ± 2.83 (7.14 to 16.2) µm. These morphological characteristics are similar to those reported in the original description of M. enterolobii (Yang and Eisenback 1983). The sequences of the partial ITS region was amplified with V5367 (5\'-TTGATTACGTCCCTGCCCTTT-3\') and 26S (5\'-TTTCACTCGCCGTTACTAAGG-3\') primers (Vrain et al. 1992). The region between cytochrome oxidase subunit II (COII) and the 16S rRNA mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA COII) was also amplified with the primers C2F3 (5\'-GGTCAATGTTCAGAAATTTGTGG-3\') (Powers and Harris 1993) and MRH106 (5\'-AATTTCTAAAGACTTTTCTTAGT-3\') (Stanton et al. 1997). The ITS region yielded a fragment of 757 bp (OR072957) and mtDNA COII of 706 bp (OR078415). A BLAST search indicated the sequences were 100% identical to several sequences of M. enterolobii (MT406250, MH756127 and AY831967, MN269940, respectively). To confirm pathogenicity, 20 passion fruit (P. edulis Sim. f. flavicarpa) 30-day-old seedlings were transplanted into pots with an autoclaved mixture of sand and field soil (3:1) and maintained in the glasshouse at 25 ± 2°C with 65 ± 5% relative humidity. After eight weeks, fifteen plants were inoculated with 500 J2/pot (nematode culture collected from the original field), and another five uninoculated plants served as a control. Two months later, aboveground symptoms were similar to those observed in the field. Nematode reproduction occurred and root galls were observed. The reproduction factor (nematode final population density/initial population density) was 4.8. The disease caused by M. enterolobii was severe in Yulin city of Guangxi. Guangxi is an important area for passion fruit culture, with about 2000 ha, which is responsible for two-thirds of
China production (Xing et al. 2020). This is the first record of P. edulis natural infection with M. enterolobii in the Yulin City of Guangxi,
China.