未经评估:收获前发芽(PHS)严重影响小麦品质和产量。然而,迄今为止,报告有限。迫切需要通过数量性状核苷酸(QTNs)或白粒小麦抗PHS基因来选育抗性品种。
未经批准:629个中国小麦品种,包括70年前的373个当地小麦品种和256个改良小麦品种,在两种环境中进行了穗芽(SS)表型分析,并通过小麦660K微阵列进行了基因分型。这些表型用于与314,548个SNP标记相关联,用于使用几种多基因座全基因组关联研究(GWAS)方法鉴定PHS抗性的QTNs。它们的候选基因通过RNA-seq验证,并将经过验证的候选基因进一步应用于小麦育种。
未经评估:因此,629个小麦品种的PHS变异系数分别为50%和47%,分别,2020-2021年和2021-2022年表明表型变异大,特别是,38个白粒品种出现至少中等抗性,比如白皮迈,丰产3号,吉美20号。在GWAS中,22个显著的QTNs,尺寸为0.06%~38.11%,PHS抗性在两种环境中通过多种多位点方法稳定鉴定,例如,AX-95124645(chr3D:571.35Mb),2020-2021年和2021-2022年的规模分别为36.390%和45.850%,在两种环境中通过几种多位点方法检测到。与以前的研究相比,AX-95124645用于开发竞争性等位基因特异性PCR标记QSS。TAF9-3D(chr3D:569.17Mb~573.55Mb)首次,尤其是,它有白粒小麦品种。在这个地点周围,9个基因显著差异表达,通过GO注释发现其中两个(TraesCS3D01G466100和TraesCS3D01G468500)与PHS抗性有关,并确定为候选基因。
UNASSIGNED:在这项研究中鉴定了QTN和两个与PHS抗性相关的新候选基因。QTN可以有效地识别PHS电阻材料,尤其是,所有带有QSS的白粒品种。TAF9-3D-TT单倍型对穗发芽具有抗性。因此,这项研究提供了候选基因,材料,和今后小麦抗PHS育种的方法学基础。
UNASSIGNED: Pre-harvest Sprouting (PHS) seriously affects wheat quality and yield. However, to date there have been limited reports. It is of great urgency to breed resistance varieties via quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) or genes for PHS resistance in white-grained wheat.
UNASSIGNED: 629 Chinese wheat varieties, including 373 local wheat varieties from 70 years ago and 256 improved wheat varieties were phenotyped for spike sprouting (SS) in two environments and genotyped by wheat 660K microarray. These phenotypes were used to associate with 314,548 SNP markers for identifying QTNs for PHS resistance using several multi-locus genome-wide association study (GWAS) methods. Their candidate genes were verified by RNA-seq, and the validated candidate genes were further exploited in wheat breeding.
UNASSIGNED: As a result, variation coefficients of 50% and 47% for PHS in 629 wheat varieties, respectively, in 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 indicated large phenotypic variation, in particular, 38 white grain varieties appeared at least medium resistance, such as Baipimai, Fengchan 3, and Jimai 20. In GWAS, 22 significant QTNs, with the sizes of 0.06% ~ 38.11%, for PHS resistance were stably identified by multiple multi-locus methods in two environments, e.g., AX-95124645 (chr3D:571.35Mb), with the sizes of 36.390% and 45.850% in 2020-2021 and 2021-2022, respectively, was detected by several multi-locus methods in two environments. As compared with previous studies, the AX-95124645 was used to develop Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR marker QSS.TAF9-3D (chr3D:569.17Mb~573.55Mb) for the first time, especially, it is available in white-grain wheat varieties. Around this locus, nine genes were significantly differentially expressed, and two of them (TraesCS3D01G466100 and TraesCS3D01G468500) were found by GO annotation to be related to PHS resistance and determined as candidate genes.
UNASSIGNED: The QTN and two new candidate genes related to PHS resistance were identified in this study. The QTN can be used to effectively identify the PHS resistance materials, especially, all the white-grained varieties with QSS.TAF9-3D-TT haplotype are resistant to spike sprouting. Thus, this study provides candidate genes, materials, and methodological basis for breeding wheat PHS resistance in the future.