本研究旨在探讨超临界CO2(SC-CO2)萃取提高萃取率的效果,纯度,latifolius(Keng)McClure(禾本科)叶萜类化合物(ILLTs)的抗氧化活性。从叶中获得的粗提物进行定性和定量分析,揭示新植二烯,植物醇,β-谷甾醇,β-氨纶,角鲨烯,和Friedelin作为主要的萜类成分,通过气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)鉴定。与蒸汽蒸馏萃取(SD)相比,同时蒸馏萃取(SDE),超高压辅助正己烷萃取(UHPE-Hex),超高压辅助乙醇提取(UHPE-EtOH),超声辅助正己烷提取(UE-Hex),和超声辅助乙醇提取(UE-EtOH),SC-CO2表现出优异的ILLT提取率,纯度,和抗氧化活性。对残留物的扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察进一步揭示了SC-CO2提取后对残留物及其细胞壁的更严重损害。在最优参数(4.5h,26MPa,39°C,和20%乙醇),SC-CO2的ILLT提取率达到1.44±0.12mg/g,显着高于其他六种方法获得的比率。随后使用WelFlashC18-1进行分离和纯化,BUCHI-C18和SephadexLH-20导致6种萜类化合物的纯度从12.91%增加到93.34%。此外,ILLTs对HepG2细胞具有细胞毒性,IC50值为148.93±9.93μg/mL。此外,随着浓度的增加,ILLTs表现出增强的细胞抗氧化状态,活性氧(ROS)和丙二醛(MDA)水平均降低。
This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) extraction in enhancing the extraction rate, purity, and antioxidant activity of Indocalamus latifolius (Keng) McClure (Poaceae) leaf terpenoids (ILLTs). Crude extracts obtained from leaves were subjected to qualitative and quantitative analyses, revealing neophytadiene, phytol, β-sitosterol, β-amyrone, squalene, and friedelin as the primary terpenoid constituents, identified through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Compared with steam distillation extraction (SD), simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE), ultra-high pressure-assisted n-hexane extraction (UHPE-Hex), ultra-high pressure-assisted ethanol extraction (UHPE-EtOH), ultrasound-assisted n-hexane extraction (UE-Hex), and ultrasound-assisted ethanol extraction (UE-EtOH), SC-CO2 exhibited a superior ILLT extraction rate, purity, and antioxidant activity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations of the residues further revealed more severe damage to both the residues and their cell walls after SC-CO2 extraction. Under optimal parameters (4.5 h, 26 MPa, 39 °C, and 20% ethyl alcohol), the ILLT extraction rate with SC-CO2 reached 1.44 ± 0.12 mg/g, which was significantly higher than the rates obtained by the other six methods. The subsequent separation and purification using WelFlash C18-l, BUCHI-C18, and Sephadex LH-20 led to an increase in the purity of the six terpenoid components from 12.91% to 93.34%. Furthermore, the ILLTs demonstrated cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells with an IC50 value of 148.93 ± 9.93 μg/mL. Additionally, with increasing concentrations, the ILLTs exhibited an enhanced cellular antioxidant status, as evidenced by reductions in both reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels.