在过去的20年里,数字,类型,分布,中国精神卫生专业人员的资格发生了巨大变化。然而,没有系统地尝试收集有关提供精神卫生服务的人力资源中这种转变的信息,这些信息需要定期更新,以改善国家对这些服务的协调。本范围审查汇编了当前有关中国精神卫生劳动力的详细信息,并确定了现有研究和报告中的关键差距。我们回顾了2000年1月1日至2021年6月30日在两个英文和四个中文数据库中发表的所有相关研究和报告。中国国家卫生健康委员会网站,国家和省级卫生服务年鉴。除了总结政府年鉴中的数据,我们整合了82份同行评审出版物和两份政府报告的相关结果.从2000年到2020年,该国的精神科医生数量增加了139%,精神科护士的数量增加了340%。然而,每10万人口中精神卫生专业人员的比例高得多,城市精神卫生专业人员的培训质量更高,东部省份与农村相比,西部省份没有改变。在精神科医生培训标准化方面取得了进展,但是没有针对精神科护士的标准化培训计划,临床心理学家,或精神病社会工作者。未来的研究需要解决限制旨在扩大规模的政策有效性的几个问题,中国精神卫生劳动力的质量和公平分配:1)关于提供精神卫生服务的专业人员的数量和特征的可用数据有限,2)缺乏针对非精神病医疗专业人员和向精神疾病患者提供基本监测和支持性护理的非医务人员的国家标准化培训计划,3)未能科学评估当前可用培训计划的结果。
Over the last 20 years, the numbers, types, distribution, and qualifications of mental health professionals in
China have changed dramatically. However, there has been no systematic attempt to collect information about this transformation in the human resources available to provide mental health services-information that needs to be regularly updated to improve the country\'s coordination of these services. This scoping review compiles current details about
China\'s mental health workforce and identifies critical gaps in available research and reporting. We reviewed all relevant studies and reports published between 1 January 2000 and 30 June 2021 in two English-language and four Chinese-language databases, the website of
China\'s National Health Commission, and national and provincial health services yearbooks. In addition to summarising data from government yearbooks, we integrated relevant results from 82 peer-reviewed publications and two government reports. From 2000 to 2020, the number of psychiatrists in the country increased by 139%, and the number of psychiatric nurses increased by 340%. However, the much higher ratio of mental health professionals per 100,000 population and the better quality of training of mental health professionals in urban, eastern provinces compared to rural, western provinces has not changed. Progress has been made in standardising the training of psychiatrists, but there are no standardised training programs for psychiatric nurses, clinical psychologists, or psychiatric social workers. Future research needs to address several issues that limit the effectiveness of policies aimed at increasing the size, quality and equitable distribution of
China\'s mental health workforce: 1) limited data available about the numbers and characteristics of professionals who provide mental health services, 2) absence of nationally standardised training programs for non-psychiatric medical professionals and non-medical personnel who provide essential monitoring and supportive care to persons with mental illnesses, and 3) failure to scientifically assess the outcomes of currently available training programs.