■改善早期断奶仔猪肠道健康和微生物群分布的营养策略的发展对于减少断奶压力引起的腹泻至关重要。因此,本研究的目的是确定日粮补充齐翁黄柏粉的效果,一种由白头翁混合物组成的传统草药,中国施耐德和黄芪提取物(PCE),关于增长表现,腹泻率,断奶仔猪的免疫功能和肠道健康。
■将162只仔猪随机分配到CON组(不添加PCE),分娩后第三周结束时,PCEL组(300mg/kgPCE)和PCEH组(500mg/kgPCE)。每组有9个重复,每个重复6只猪。实验持续28天,并在最后一天进行取样。
■结果表明,与CON组相比,PCE饮食增加了平均日增重(ADG)和最终体重(BW)。两种补充剂量的PCE都降低了仔猪的粪便分数,PCEL组腹泻率明显低于CON组。PCE日粮的应用促进仔猪脾脏发育,上调血清免疫球蛋白浓度,增强免疫功能,这也反映在结肠TLR/MyD88/NF-κB通路的基因表达下调。补充PCE改善肠道形态,所有剂量的PCE都显着增加了回肠的绒毛高度(VH),而PCEH组的结肠隐窝深度(CD)明显低于CON组。PCEH饮食显着增加了结肠中戊酸和异戊酸的含量。膳食PCEH还改善了结肠微生物群落概况,与CON组相比,香农指数显著增加。在家庭水平上,PCEH组的Veillonellaceae和红螺旋藻的丰度显着增加。
■总而言之,饮食PCE降低了腹泻率,提高断奶仔猪生长性能和增强免疫功能。回肠和结肠形态的改变可能支持这些改善,结肠VFA水平升高,和结肠微生物谱的调节。
The evolution of nutritional strategies to improve the gut health and microbiota profiles of early-weaned piglets is essential to reduce
diarrhoea caused by weaning stress. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of dietary supplementation of Qi-Weng-Huangbo powder, a traditional herbal medicine consisting of a mixture of Pulsatilla chinensis, Chinese Schneid and Astragalus extracts (PCE), on the growth performance,
diarrhoea rate, immune function and intestinal health of weaned piglets.
162 piglets were randomly assigned to the CON group (no PCE added), the PCEL group (300 mg/kg PCE) and the PCEH group (500 mg/kg PCE) at the end of the third week post farrowing. There were 9 replicates of each group with 6 pigs per replicate. The experiment lasted for 28 days and sampling was performed on the final day.
The results showed that the PCE diet increased the average daily gain (ADG) and final body weight (BW) compared to the CON group. Both supplemented doses of PCE reduced the faecal scores of piglets, and the
diarrhoea rate in the PCEL group was significantly lower than that in the CON group. The application of PCE diets promoted the development of the spleen in piglets and up-regulated serum immunoglobulin concentrations to enhance immune function, which was also reflected in the down-regulated gene expression of the colonic TLR/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. Supplementation with PCE improved intestinal morphology, and all doses of PCE significantly increased villus height (VH) in the ileum, whereas colonic crypt depth (CD) was significantly lower in the PCEH group than in the CON group. The PCEH diet significantly increased the levels of valeric and isovaleric acid in the colon content. Dietary PCEH also improved the colonic microbial community profile, reflected by a significant increase in Shannon\'s index compared with CON group. The abundance of Veillonellaceae and Rhodospirillales was significantly increased in the PCEH group at the family level.
In conclusion, dietary PCE reduced
diarrhoea rates, improved growth performance and enhanced immune function in weaned piglets. These improvements were potentially supported by altered ileum and colonic morphology, elevated colonic VFA levels, and modulation of colonic microbial profiles.