脱乙酰酶,一类可以催化乙酰化底物水解以去除乙酰基的酶,用于生产各种高质量的产品,是最具影响力的工业酶之一。这些酶是高度特异性的,无毒,可持续,和生态友好型生物催化剂。脱乙酰酶和脱乙酰化合物已广泛应用于医药,医学,食物,和环境。这篇综述综合总结了脱乙酰酶的来源,表征,分类,和应用。此外,总结了不同微生物来源的脱乙酰酶的典型结构特点。我们还回顾了脱乙酰酶催化的生产各种脱乙酰化合物的反应,如壳寡糖(COS),mycohiol,7-氨基头孢草酸(7-ACA),氨基葡萄糖,氨基酸,和多胺。旨在阐述脱乙酰酶在工业应用中的优势和挑战。此外,它还提供了获得有前途的和创新的生物催化剂酶解乙酰化的观点。关键词:•提出了各种微生物的微生物脱乙酰酶的基本特性。•生化特征,结构,并对微生物脱乙酰酶的催化机理进行了综述。•微生物脱乙酰酶在食品中的应用,Pharmaceutical,医学,和环境进行了讨论。
Deacetylases, a class of enzymes that can catalyze the hydrolysis of acetylated substrates to remove the acetyl group, used in producing various products with high qualities, are one of the most influential industrial enzymes. These enzymes are highly specific, non-toxic, sustainable, and eco-friendly biocatalysts. Deacetylases and deacetylated compounds have been widely applicated in pharmaceuticals, medicine, food, and the environment. This review synthetically summarizes deacetylases\' sources, characterizations, classifications, and applications. Moreover, the typical structural characteristics of deacetylases from different microbial sources are summarized. We also reviewed the
deacetylase-catalyzed reactions for producing various deacetylated compounds, such as chitosan-oligosaccharide (COS), mycothiol, 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (7-ACA), glucosamines, amino acids, and polyamines. It is aimed to expound on the advantages and challenges of deacetylases in industrial applications. Moreover, it also serves perspectives on obtaining promising and innovative biocatalysts for enzymatic deacetylation. KEYPOINTS: • The fundamental properties of microbial deacetylases of various microorganisms are presented. • The biochemical characterizations, structures, and catalyzation mechanisms of microbial deacetylases are summarized. • The applications of microbial deacetylases in food, pharmaceutical, medicine, and the environment were discussed.