背景:先前的研究表明,棒球投球速度与投球运动中涉及的动力学链之间存在正相关关系。然而,没有研究通过嵌入传感器的棒球检查手指特征对投球速度和旋转速度的影响。
方法:本研究招募了21名投手。设计了一种嵌入力传感器和惯性测量单元的实验性棒球,用于投球性能测量。测量手指长度和强度作为因变量。自旋速率和速度是独立变量。皮尔逊积矩相关性(r)和类内相关系数(ICC)确定了手指特性与俯仰性能之间的关系。
结果:手指长度差异,两点夹紧强度,食指RFD(力发展率),中指冲动,力差异与自旋速率显著相关(r=0.500~0.576,p≤0.05)。手指长度不一致,两点捏,三点夹紧强度,食指和中指RFD,中指冲动,力组合与快球俯仰速度呈显著相关(r=0.491~0.584,p≤0.05)。
结论:手指长度差异,手指捏合强度,包括最大力和RFD在内的俯仰手指力可能是影响快球旋转速率和快球俯仰速度的因素。
BACKGROUND: Previous investigations have shown a positive relationship between
baseball pitching velocity and the kinetic chain involved in pitching motion. However, no study has examined the influence of finger characteristics on pitching velocity and rate of spin via a sensor-embedded
baseball.
METHODS: Twenty-one pitchers volunteered and were recruited for this study. An experimental
baseball embedded with a force sensor and an inertial measurement unit was designed for pitching performance measurement. Finger length and strength were measured as dependent variables. Spin rate and velocity were independent variables. Pearson product-moment correlations (r) and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) determined the relationship between finger characteristics and pitching performance.
RESULTS: Finger length discrepancy, two-point pinch strength, index finger RFD (rate of force development), middle finger impulse, and force discrepancy had significant correlations with spin rate (r = 0.500~0.576, p ≤ 0.05). Finger length discrepancy, two-point pinch, three-point pinch strength, index and middle finger RFD, middle finger impulse, and force combination had significant correlations with fastball pitching velocity (r = 0.491~0.584, p ≤ 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Finger length discrepancy, finger pinch strength, and pitching finger force including maximal force and RFD may be factors that impact fastball spin rate and fastball pitching velocity.