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UNASSIGNED: Anxiety disorders are the most common mental disorder, experienced by more than a quarter of the population. This study examines total outpatient curative care expenditures (CCE) for anxiety disorders and changes in their composition based on the System of Health Accounts 2011 (SHA 2011).
UNASSIGNED: This study used multi-stage stratified random from a total of 9,318,513 outpatient sample data by 920 healthcare organizations, a total of 109,703 cases of anxiety disorders from 53 sample organizations (5.76%) from 2015 to 2020. Univariate analysis, multifactor analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to explore the influential factors affecting outpatient CCE for anxiety disorders.
UNASSIGNED: Anxiety disorder outpatient CCE from 2015 to 2020 continued to increase from CNY 99.39million in 2015 to CNY 233.84 million in 2020, mainly concentrated in western medicine costs, 15-64 years, general hospital, generalized anxiety disorder and public financing. The results of univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences in all subgroups, and the results of multivariate analysis and SEM showed that the choice to purchase western drugs, purchase prepared Chinese drugs, choice to have a checkup, urban employees\' basic medical insurance, and 0-14 years old were associated with high anxiety disorder outpatient CCE.
UNASSIGNED: Initiatives to improve the essential drug system, reduce the out-of-pocket (OOP) ratio, and strengthen primary health care to effectively reduce the medical burden on patients.

Objective: To understand the utilization and characteristics of outpatient services for pneumoconiosis patients within two weeks in Chongqing, and analyze the influencing factors, so as to provide reference for relevant policy making. Methods: From October 2020 to October 2022, 1771 pneumoconiosis patients who met the inclusion criteria were selected by multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling. A questionnaire survey was conducted on their basic situation, utilization of outpatient services within two weeks, treatment for pneumoconiosis-related symptoms, and selection of medical service institutions using χ(2)-test and logistic regression analysis. Results: All the 1771 pneumoconiosis patients were male, with the average age of (56.1±10.19) years old. In the pneumoconiosis patients were treated in outpatient department within 2 weeks.40.0% (204/510) of aged 41~50 years Rural patients accounted for 87.8% (448/510) ; 65.1% (332/510) of silicosis patients, 37.5% (191/510) of stage II patients, 75.1% (383/510) of patients did not continue to engage in dust work after diagnosis of pneumoconiosis, and 57.1% (291/510) of patients never had work-related injury insurance at work. The outpatient rate within two weeks of pneumoconiosis related assistance and subsistence allowance was 17.6% (90/510) and 12.5% (64/510), respectively. The average self-health score of the patients was (52.9±16.2). 28.2% of the patients had purchased work-related injury insurance; Among the 1204 patients who received the treatment within two weeks, 42.2% were in the outpatient department, 20.7% were in the inpatient department, and 36.9% were self-buyers. There was a significant difference between the different treatment methods of the patients (χ(2)=27.53, P<0.05). There was a significant difference in patients from different residence choosing to visit different medical institutions (χ(2)=13.97, P<0.05). The stage of pneumoconiosis, presence of complications, presence of work injury insurance, self-health score, and whether he/she has been hospitalized in the past year are the important factors affecting the outpatient treatment of pneumoconiosis patients. Conclusion: The utilization of outpatient service of pneumoconiosis patients is influenced by demographic sociology, social support and disease characteristics. The quality of occupational disease medical service in primary health institutions should be strengthened so that pneumoconiosis patients can get convenient and effective treatment. Establish a more perfect social security support system to reduce the disease burden of pneumoconiosis patients.
目的： 了解重庆市尘肺病患者两周内门诊服务利用情况及特点，并分析其影响因素，为相关政策制定提供参考依据。 方法： 于2020年10月至2022年10月，采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样，选取1 771名符合纳入标准的尘肺病患者为研究对象，对其基本情况、两周内门诊服务利用情况、因尘肺病相关症状治疗情况、医疗服务机构选择情况等进行问卷调查，用χ(2)检验和logistic回归进行数据统计分析。 结果： 1 771例尘肺病患者均为男性，平均年龄（56.1±10.19）岁，两周内门诊就诊尘肺病患者中，年龄41~50岁患者占40.0%（204/510）；农村患者占87.8%（448/510）；矽肺患者占65.1%（332/510），贰期患者占37.5%（191/510），诊断尘肺后未继续从事接尘工作患者占75.1%（383/510），工作时从来没有工伤保险患者占57.1%（291/510）。获得尘肺相关救助和有低保患者两周内门诊率分别为17.6%（90/510）和12.5%（64/510），患者自我健康评分为3分（41~60/中等）者占59.1%（301/510），有并发症、有尘肺病相关症状加重和一年内有住院史的患者分别占97.8%（499/510）、78.8%（402/510）和76.5%（390/510）。患者自我健康评分平均得分（52.9±16.2）分；28.2%的患者购买过工伤保险；两周内进行治疗患者1 204例，门诊就诊者42.2%，住院治疗者20.7%，自己买药者36.9%，患者不同治疗方式间差异有统计学意义（χ(2)=27.53，P<0.01）；不同居住地患者选择到不同医疗机构就诊的差异有统计学意义（χ(2)=13.97，P<0.05）；患者尘肺病期别、有无并发症、有无工伤保险、自我健康评分、近一年是否住过院等是影响尘肺病患者门诊就诊的重要因素。 结论： 尘肺病患者门诊利用情况受人口社会学、社会支持、疾病特征多因素的影响，应加强基层卫生机构的职业病医疗服务质量，让尘肺病患者能获得便利有效的治疗；建立更完善的社会保障支持体系，减轻尘肺病患者疾病负担。.

BACKGROUND: This study aims to determine the satisfaction and future training needs of general practice residents participating in a novel model of ambulatory teaching aligned with the specifications for standardized residency training in outpatient management issued by the Chinese Medical Doctor Association (CMDA).
METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of the satisfaction and training needs was conducted among general practice residents at West China Hospital, Sichuan University. Patient characteristics and preceptors\' feedback on the residents\' performance were also analyzed.
RESULTS: The study involved 109 residents (30.28% men) and 161 patients (34.78% men; age: 52.63 ± 15.87 years). Residents reported an overall satisfaction score of 4.28 ± 0.62 with the ambulatory teaching program. Notably, residents scored lower in the Subjective-Objective-Assessment-Plan (SOAP) evaluation when encountering patients with the greater the number of medical problems (P < 0.001). Residents encountering patients with a shorter duration of illness (< 3 months) achieved higher scores than those with longer illness durations (≥ 3 months, P = 0.044). Residency general practitioners (GPs) were most challenged by applying appropriate and effective patient referrals (43/109; 39.45%). GPs expressed a strong desire to learn how to make decisions when facing challenging patient situations (4.51 ± 0.63).
CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests selecting patients with multiple comorbidities for ambulatory teaching and enhancing training on practical problem-solving abilities for GPs. The findings provide insights for the development of future ambulatory teaching programs.

OBJECTIVE: Breast cancer (BC) patients who are undergoing outpatient chemotherapy encounter difficulties in symptom self-management at home. We have developed a mobile app with the support of self-regulation activities and nurse-led social service to empower self-management of BC patients during outpatient chemotherapy. The study aimed to explore the perceptions of breast cancer patients and nurses in utilizing an app with the functions of proactive nursing support and empowerment.
METHODS: This is a qualitative study including group interviews with nurses and patients with breast cancer receiving outpatient chemotherapy. A total of eleven patients and five nurses were enrolled from August 2022 to October 2022. Thematic analysis was adopted to analyze the interview transcripts. Main themes and related sub-themes were drawn from the transcripts.
RESULTS: Barriers (the lack of a contractual spirit) and facilitators (social support and native high-adherence) to app usage were identified. Following the six-week program, patients underwent various transformations such as improved health awareness and a tendency to pay more attention to psychological symptoms. This program also led to various changes in the nurses, including a transformation from taking the reactive emergency calls to a proactive approach of incorporating a self-regulation process and social support.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings from the group interviews stressed the importance of integrating technology and nursing social support in facilitating patient symptom self-management.

BACKGROUND: The short-term adverse effects of ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) on anxiety disorders (ADs) remained inconclusive.
METHODS: We applied an individual-level time-stratified case-crossover study, which including 126,112 outpatient visits for ADs during 2019-2021 in Guangdong province, China, to investigate the association of short-term exposure to PM2.5 and O3 with outpatient visits for ADs, and estimate excess outpatient visits in South China. Daily residential air pollutant exposure assessments were performed by extracting grid data (spatial resolution: 1 km × 1 km) from validated datasets. We employed the conditional logistic regression model to quantify the associations and excess outpatient visits.
RESULTS: The results of the single-pollutant models showed that each 10 μg/m3 increase of PM2.5 and O3 exposures was significantly associated with a 3.14 % (95 % confidence interval: 2.47 %, 3.81 %) and 0.88 % (0.49 %, 1.26 %) increase in odds of outpatient visits for ADs, respectively. These associations remained robust in 2-pollutant models. The proportion of outpatient visits attributable to PM2.5 and O3 exposures was up to 7.20 % and 8.93 %, respectively. Older adults appeared to be more susceptible to PM2.5 exposure, especially in cool season, and subjects with recurrent outpatient visits were more susceptible to O3 exposure.
CONCLUSIONS: As our study subjects were from one single hospital in China, it should be cautious when generalizing our findings to other regions.
CONCLUSIONS: Short-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 and O3 was significantly associated with a higher odds of outpatient visits for ADs, which can contribute to considerable excess outpatient visits.

BACKGROUND: Extreme weather events like heatwaves and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) have a synergistic effect on mortality, but research on the synergistic effect of cold waves and PM2.5 on outpatient visits for respiratory disease, especially at high altitudes in climate change-sensitive areas, is lacking.
METHODS: we collected time-series data on meteorological, air pollution, and outpatient visits for respiratory disease in Xining. We examined the associations between cold waves, PM2.5, and outpatient visits for respiratory disease using a time-stratified case-crossover approach and distributional lag nonlinear modeling. Our analysis also calculated the relative excess odds due to interaction (REOI), proportion attributable to interaction (AP), and synergy index (S). We additionally analyzed cold waves over time to verify climate change.
RESULTS: Under different definitions of cold waves, the odds ratio for the correlation between cold waves and outpatient visits for respiratory disease ranged from 0.95 (95% CI: 0.86, 1.05) to 1.58 (1.47, 1.70). Exposure to PM2.5 was significantly associated with an increase in outpatient visits for respiratory disease. We found that cold waves can synergize with PM2.5 to increase outpatient visits for respiratory disease (REOI > 0, AP > 0, S > 1), decreasing with stricter definitions of cold waves and longer durations. Cold waves\' independent effect decreased over time, but their interaction effect persisted. From 8.1 to 21.8% of outpatient visits were due to cold waves and high-level PM2.5. People aged 0-14 and ≥ 65 were more susceptible to cold waves and PM2.5, with a significant interaction for those aged 15-64 and ≥ 65.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study fills the gap on how extreme weather and PM2.5 synergistically affect respiratory disease outpatient visits in high-altitude regions. The synergy of cold waves and PM2.5 increases outpatient visits for respiratory disease, especially in the elderly. Cold wave warnings and PM2.5 reduction have major public health benefits.

The aim of this study was to investigate the practical outcomes of traditional Chinese medicine specialty nursing clinics in the clinical setting. Outpatient services have become increasingly popular for seeking medical care. Establishing traditional Chinese medicine specialty nursing clinics can meet the medical needs of the general public, and provide patients with convenient and efficient medical services. This study employed a retrospective cross-sectional observational design to analyze the medical service status of all patients who attended the clinic since its opening. Five qualified traditional Chinese medicine nursing experts identified and implemented 5 categories of traditional Chinese medicine characteristic nursing techniques, including cupping, moxibustion, needle acupuncture, and massage. Nurses and patients evaluated the treatment outcomes for various diseases. Since the establishment of the nursing outpatient department 2 years ago, there have been over 7046 visits, with a satisfaction rate of 97.1%. Currently, 5 nursing experts are nurturing a total of 11 graduate students, conducting 5 free clinics in the nursing outpatient department, and organizing 3 visits by overseas experts. The traditional Chinese medicine specialty nursing outpatient service effectively meets the diverse medical needs of patients, alleviates the outpatient pressure on hospitals, enhances the specialized development of nurses, increases the prominence of traditional Chinese medicine specialty nursing techniques, and promotes traditional Chinese medicine culture.