背景:肥胖和体重增加与乳腺癌幸存者(BCS)的不良疾病特异性和健康相关结局相关。但是,减肥在管理BCS方面的好处尚未阐明。
目的:在随机对照试验中评估减肥计划对BCS的有益效果。
方法:我们搜索了英文数据库PubMed,Cochrane图书馆,EMBASE,Scopus,WebofScience,CINAHL,和中国数据库中国国家知识基础设施(CNKI),维普信息中文期刊服务平台(VIP),中国生物医学文献服务系统(中国医学),和万方从成立到2021年1月,收集了BCS减肥计划的随机对照试验(RCT)。两位审稿人独立筛选了文献,提取数据,并评估纳入研究的偏倚风险。数据合成是在RevMan(5.3版)上进行的,发表偏倚用STATA(15.1版)计算.
结果:10个随机对照试验纳入meta分析。目前的研究表明,饮食和运动干预导致体重显着改善(MD=-4.43kg,95CI:-6.23至-2.63,P<0.00001),腰围(MD=-2.81厘米,95CI:-4.37至-1.26,P=0.004),臀围(MD=-3.01厘米,95CI:-4.24至-1.77,P<0.0001),身体质量指数(MD=-1.69kg/m2,95CI:-2.16至-1.21,P<0.00001),收缩压(MD=-12.12mmHg,95CI:-18.97至-5.27),p=0.0005),C反应蛋白(MD=-1.83mg/L,95%CI:-2.74至-0.91,p<0.0001),身体脂肪(MD=-1.19kg,95CI:-1.75至-0.63,P<0.001),脂肪量(MD=-2.29kg,95CI:-3.12至-1.46,P<0.0001),和瘦体重(MD=-2.15千克,95CI:-3.66至-0.65,P=0.005)。或者,与控制干预的效果相比,减肥计划不影响无脂肪质量,总胆固醇,低密度瘦素胆固醇,葡萄糖,胰岛素,和瘦素(P>0.05)。
结论:这篇综述总结了BCS减肥计划的益处。结果表明,减肥计划可以显着改善特定的人体测量结果,但不影响生化指标。研究人员应该针对BCS的体脂状况定制减肥干预措施。支持将有效的减肥干预计划转化为更广泛实施的证据是常规生存护理的一部分。
BACKGROUND: Obesity and weight gain have been associated with poor disease-specific and health-related outcomes in breast cancer survivors (BCS). But the benefits of weight loss in managing BCS have not been elucidated.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the beneficial effects of weight loss programs in randomized controlled trials on BCS.
METHODS: We searched English databases PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Chinese databases
China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Weipu Information Chinese Periodical Service Platform (VIP),
China Biomedical Literature Service System (SinoMed), and Wanfang from the inception to January 2021 and collected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of weight loss programs for BCS. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies. The data synthesis was performed on RevMan (version 5.3), and the publication bias was calculated with STATA (version 15.1).
RESULTS: Ten RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. The current study showed that diet and exercise interventions resulted in significant improvements in body weight (MD = - 4.43 kg, 95%CI: - 6.23 to - 2.63, P < 0.00001), waist circumference (MD = - 2.81 cm, 95%CI: - 4.37 to - 1.26, P = 0.004), hip circumference (MD = - 3.01 cm, 95%CI: - 4.24 to - 1.77, P < 0.0001), body mass index (MD = - 1.69 kg/m2, 95%CI: - 2.16 to - 1.21, P < 0.00001), systolic blood pressure (MD = - 12.12 mmHg, 95%CI: - 18.97 to - 5.27), p = 0.0005), C-reactive protein (MD = - 1.83 mg/L, 95% CI: - 2.74 to - 0.91, p < 0.0001), body fat (MD = - 1.19 kg, 95%CI: - 1.75 to - 0.63, P < 0.001), fat mass (MD = - 2.29 kg, 95%CI: - 3.12 to - 1.46, P < 0.0001), and lean body mass (MD = - 2.15 kg, 95%CI: - 3.66 to - 0.65, P = 0.005). Alternatively, compared with the effects of control interventions, weight loss programs did not affect fat-free mass, total cholesterol, low-density leptin cholesterol, glucose, insulin, and leptin (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: This review summarizes the benefits of weight loss programs for BCS. The results indicated that weight loss programs could significantly improve specific anthropometric outcomes but not affect biochemical indicators. Researchers should tailor weight loss interventions to the body fat status of BCS. Evidence to support the translation of effective weight loss intervention programs into wider-scale implementation is needed to be part of routine survivorship care.