背景:油炸食品在全球范围内越来越受欢迎。然而,油炸可以增加食物中过氧化毒素的产生,可能对胎儿发育有害.先前已经报道了维生素D3(VD3)的抗氧化作用。
目的:本研究旨在探讨妊娠期孕妇在氧化油饮食中补充VD3对胎儿抗氧化能力和发育的影响。
方法:将妊娠小鼠随机分为三组:对照组(含新鲜大豆油的饮食),OSO组(含氧化大豆油(OSO)的饮食),和OSOV组(饮食用OSO和10000IU/KgVD3)。在妊娠期间用相应的饮食喂养小鼠。在妊娠的16.5天,收集胎盘和胎儿以分析抗氧化状态.
结果:妊娠期间母体氧化油饮食显著降低胎盘血管丰度,迷宫区,和胎儿体重。然而,饮食中补充VD3可以预防氧化油饮食的这些负面影响。母亲摄入氧化油饮食会增加血清丙二醛浓度,总一氧化氮合酶(NOS),和诱导型NOS,而补充VD3对其具有保护作用。此外,补充VD3可增加抗氧化酶水平和核因子-红细胞相关因子2(NRF2)的核转位,从而保护胎盘和胎儿免受氧化油饮食引起的细胞凋亡和氧化应激。通过在氧化油饮食下补充母体VD3,胎儿肝脏中脂肪酸转运蛋白溶质载体家族27成员1(SLC27A1)的基因表达和蛋白质水平增加。值得注意的是,NRF2可与胎盘中的VD受体(VDR)共免疫沉淀。
结论:母亲补充VD3可以通过VDR/NRF2途径减轻胎盘和胎儿的氧化应激,从而保护胎儿免受氧化油饮食引起的发育障碍。至少部分。因此,在怀孕期间,通过补充确保足够的VD3水平通常是至关重要的。
BACKGROUND: Fried food has increased in popularity worldwide. However, deep frying can increase the production of peroxidative toxins in food, which might be harmful to fetal development. The antioxidative effect of vitamin D3 (VD3) has been reported previously.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore how maternal VD3 supplementation in an oxidized-oil diet during gestation affects fetal antioxidative ability and development.
METHODS: Pregnant mice were randomly assigned into 3 groups: Control group (diet with fresh soybean oil), OSO group [diet with oxidized soybean oil (OSO)], and OSOV group (diet with OSO and 10,000 IU/Kg VD3). Mice were fed with the corresponding diet during gestation. On day 16.5 of gestation, the placenta and fetus were harvested to analyze antioxidative status.
RESULTS: Maternal oxidized-oil diet during gestation significantly reduced placental vessel abundance, labyrinth zone area, and fetal body weight. However, dietary VD3 supplementation prevented these negative effects of oxidized-oil diet. Maternal intake of oxidized-oil diet increased serum concentrations of malondialdehyde, total-nitric oxide synthase, and inducible nitric oxide synthase, whereas VD3 supplementation showed a protection effect on it. Additionally, maternal VD3 supplementation increased the levels of antioxidative enzymes and the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), thereby protecting placenta and fetus from apoptosis and oxidative stress caused by an oxidized-oil diet. The gene expression and protein levels of a fatty acid transporter solute carrier family 27 member 1 in the fetal liver were increased by maternal VD3 supplementation under oxidized-oil diet. Notably, NRF2 could be co-immunoprecipitated with the VD receptor in the placenta.
CONCLUSIONS: Maternal VD3 supplementation could protect fetus from oxidized-oil diet induced developmental impairment by alleviating oxidative stress in the placenta and fetus through the VD receptor/NRF2 pathway, at least partially. Thus, ensuring adequate levels of VD3 through supplementation is often critical during pregnancy.