暂无摘要。

Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is the most common type of oral carcinoma. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a circular DNA molecule of 16,569 bp, which functionally encompasses a regulatory non-coding region (D-loop) and 37 encoding genes that correspond to 13 subunits of respiratory chain complexes (I, III, IV and V), 22 transfer RNAs and 2 ribosomal (r)RNAs. Recently, mtDNA has been implicated as a mutation hotspot in various tumors. However, to our knowledge mtDNA alteration in TSCC has not been investigated to date. In the present study, the mitochondrial genomes of tongue carcinoma, adjacent non-cancerous tissue and peripheral blood samples from 8 patients with TSCC were sequenced and aligned with the revised Cambridge Reference Sequence. Overall, only one synonymous mutation, which mapped to the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit 5 gene, was observed in the tongue carcinoma sample from a single patient. A further 21 polymorphisms were identified, including six in the non-coding region (D-loop), five in Complex I, three in Complex III, two in Complex IV, two in Complex V and three in rRNA. In addition, mitochondrial microsatellite instability (mtMSI) was detected in 2/8 tongue carcinoma samples, and localized in the D310 region. These variations, particularly the polymorphisms and mtMSI, imply that the mitochondrial genome may be a hotspot of genome alteration in tongue cancer. Further investigation is expected to reveal the role of mtDNA alteration in TSCC development, as well as its clinical implications.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to prepare docetaxel (DOC)-loaded multifunctional nanoparticles containing indocyanine green (ICG) and perfluorohexane (PFH) as targeted drug delivery system, which is supplemented with stromal cellderived factor-1 (SDF-1), and characterize their properties.
METHODS: Multifunctional nanoparticles were prepared by using the double emulsion method. SDF-1 was covalently conjugated to the surface of the nanoparticles through thioether bonding. Their particle size, distribution, and surface potential were determined with the Malvern measuring instrument. The conjugation of SDF-1 was evaluated by confocal laser scanning microscope. Encapsulation efficiency (ELC), drug loading capacity (DLC), and release regularity of the nanoparticles were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In vitro photothermal property was recorded by a thermal imager. The in vitro imaging capacity was observed by a photoacoustic instrument and an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus. Targeting capability was assessed by flow cytometry. The cell activity on SCC-15 cells was checked by CCK-8 method.
RESULTS: The targeted multifunctional nanoparticles showed regularly sphericity. The diameter was (502.88±17.92) nm. The zeta potential was (-11.5±3.15) mV. ELC was 54.12%±1.74%. DLC was 1.08 mg·mL-1. In vitro drug release was initially fast and subsequently slow. The photothermal characteristics were related to the concentration; the higher the concentration, the higher the temperature. Nanoparticles could detect significant photoacoustic and ultrasound signals. The in vitro targeting rate was 89.99%. No significant differences of cell viability in the SINPs groups were observed at each concentration (P>0.05). The inhibition effect of DOC-SINPs was stronger than that of SINPs whether or not in the presence of laser irradiation among the groups of 150 and 200 μg·mL-1 (P<
0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Multifunctional nanoparticles for diagnosis and treatment were successfully prepared and displayed dualmode ultrasound/photoacoustic imaging and antitumor effects of chemotherapy and photothermal therapy.
目的 制备一种基质细胞衍生因子-1（SDF-1）修饰的载多西紫杉醇（DOC）包裹吲哚菁绿（ICG）和液态氟碳全氟己烷（PFH）靶向多功能纳米粒（DOC-SINPs），检测其性质。方法 双乳化法制备纳米粒，硫醚键连接SDF-1，得到靶向纳米粒。Malvern粒径仪检测其粒径及表面电位，激光扫描共聚焦显微镜观察SDF-1在纳米粒表面的连接情况，高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定其DOC包封率（ELC）和载药量（DLC）及体外释放规律，热成像仪记录其体外光热特性，光声仪及超声诊断仪观察其体外显像，流式细胞仪评估其体外靶向能力，CCK-8法检查其对舌癌SCC-15细胞活力的影响。结果 靶向多功能纳米粒形态规则，呈球状。平均粒径（502.88±17.92） nm，平均电位（-11.5±3.15） mV。平均ELC为54.12%±1.74%，平均DLC为1.08 mg·mL-1。体外药物释放规律呈初期爆发性释放，接着是持续缓慢释放。其光热特性呈浓度相关，浓度越高温度越高。纳米粒可检测到明显光声信号和超声信号。体外靶向连接率89.99%。细胞活性实验结果表明，SINPs组在各个浓度下细胞活性无明显差异（P>0.05）。在浓度为150、200 μg·mL-1时，DOC-SINPs无论有无激光辐照均较SINPs有明显的细胞活性抑制（P<0.05）。结论 成功制备了集诊断与治疗一体的多功能纳米粒，具有超声/光声双模成像，同时具备化疗和光热治疗的抗肿瘤作用。.

To investigate the clinical outcome of free thoracoacromial artery perforator (TAAP) flap in the reconstruction of tongue and mouth floor defects after radical resection of tongue carcinoma.
Between May 2010 and February 2015, 11 cases of tongue carcinoma underwent radical resection and reconstruction of tongue and mouth floor defects with free TAAP flaps. The locations of tongue carcinoma were the lingual margin in 7 cases, the ventral tongue in 2 cases, and the mouth floor in 2 cases. According to Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) TNM stage, 3 cases were classified as T 4N 0M 0, 3 cases as T 4N lM 0, 2 cases as T 3N 1M 0, 2 cases as T 3N 2M 0, and 1 case as T 3N 0M 0. The disease duration ranged from 3 to 28 months, 10.6 months on average. The tumor size ranged from 6.0 cm×3 cm to 10 cm×5 cm. The TAAP flap ranged from 7.0 cm×4.0 cm to 11.0 cm×5.5 cm in size, and 0.6-1.2 cm (0.8 cm on average) in thickness, with a pedicle length of 6.8-9.9 cm (7.2 cm on average).
All 11 flaps survived, the donor site was closed directly and healed primarily in all cases. The patients were followed up 12-24 months (17.2 months on average). The reconstructed tongue had satisfactory appearance and good functions of swallowing and language. No local recurrence was observed during follow-up. Only linear scar was left at the donor site, and the function of pectoralis major muscle was normal.
The TAAP flap is an ideal choice in the reconstruction of tongue defect after resection of tongue carcinoma, which has good texture, appearance, and function results.
探讨游离胸肩峰动脉穿支皮瓣修复舌癌术后缺损的疗效。.
2010 年 5 月—2015 年 2 月，采用游离胸肩峰动脉穿支皮瓣移植修复 11 例舌癌术后缺损并行舌再造。男 9 例，女 2 例；年龄 33～72 岁，平均 52.6 岁。均为鳞状细胞癌；原发舌缘 7 例，原发舌腹 2 例，口底癌累及舌 2 例。根据国际抗癌联盟（UICC）TNM 分期：T 4N 0M 0 3 例，T 4N lM 0 3 例，T 3N 1M 0 2 例，T 3N 2M 0 2 例，T 3N 0M 0 1 例。病程 3～28 个月，平均 10.6 个月。肿瘤范围 6 cm×3 cm～10 cm×5 cm。术中穿支皮瓣切取范围为 7.0 cm×4.0 cm～11.0 cm×5.5 cm；厚度 0.6～1.2 cm，平均 0.8 cm；血管蒂长 6.8～9.9 cm，平均 7.2 cm。.
术后 11 例皮瓣均顺利成活，创面Ⅰ期愈合；供区切口均Ⅰ期愈合。患者均获随访，随访时间 12～24 个月，平均 17.2 个月。患者再造舌外形良好，吞咽及语言功能满意，随访期间肿瘤局部无复发。供区仅遗留线性瘢痕，胸大肌功能未见明显影响。.
胸肩峰动脉穿支皮瓣质地好，再造舌外形及功能良好，供区损伤小，是舌癌术后舌缺损修复与舌再造的理想选择。.

Expression of the transcription factor hypoxiainducible factor 1 (HIF-1) plays a key role in cellular adaptation to hypoxia, particularly in relation to tumour angiogenesis. Expression of the HIF-1α subunit is responsive to changes in oxygen levels. Overexpression of HIF-1α has been reported to be associated with a poor prognosis in a variety of malignant tumours. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the expression of HIF-1α in tongue carcinoma was associated with established clinicopathological features. Tumour specimens from 120 patients with histologically-proven, surgically-treated tongue carcinoma were examined by immunohistochemical staining for expression of HIF-1α. The mRNA levels of HIF-1α were measured in 45 fresh, paired samples of tongue carcinoma and corresponding adjacent normal tissues using quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). HIF-1α was found to be frequently overexpressed in tumours in a hypoxia-independent manner. The expression of HIF-1α correlated with the five-year survival rate (P<0.01) and disease-free period (P<0.01). Increased expression of HIF-1α correlated significantly with clinical stage (P=0.002) and lymph node metastasis (P=0.034). Compared with paired normal tissues, HIF-1α mRNA levels were significantly increased in carcinoma of the tongue. A positive correlation was observed between HIF-1α mRNA levels and pathological differentiation grade. A significant difference in the levels of HIF-1α expression was detected between groups of patients with lymph node metastases and patients with no metastases. These results indicate that overexpression of HIF-1α may be an indicator of poor prognosis in carcinoma of the tongue. The expression of HIF-1α may be associated with lymph node metastasis.