■中国人口老龄化趋势严峻,成功老龄化(SA)迫在眉睫。衰老会导致各种慢性疾病,高血压是最常见的。由于这种终生疾病,病人有很多焦虑,死亡焦虑(DA)可能是最普遍的。研究表明,接近向老年人过渡的中年人比老年人表现出更明显的DA。有人认为心理弹性(PR)可以降低DA。因此,本研究旨在分析中老年人高血压患者SA在PR和DA之间的中介作用。
■设计了横截面测量。2021年8月至12月,采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,在三个区(陵河区、顾塔区,和锦州市太和区),辽宁省。使用人口统计问卷对他们进行了调查,康纳-戴维森弹性量表,成功的账龄库存,以及Likert型坦普尔-死亡焦虑量表的中文版。描述性分析,独立样本T检验,单因素方差分析(ANOVA)用于描述具有不同特征的高血压患者的人口学特征,分别。当P<0.05时,统计学被认为是显著的。皮尔逊相关系数描述了PR、SA,和DA。通过结构方程建模(SEM)建立了研究模型。使用SPSSPROCESS宏来验证中介模型。使用以DA为因变量的二元逻辑回归模型。
■PR的分数,SA,高血压患者的DA为(49.52±14.38)分,(51.22±7.63)分,(46.67±9.03)分。PR与DA呈负相关(r=-0.307,P<0.01)。此外,将SA作为中介变量纳入PR和DA,SA与PR(r=0.335,P<0.01)、DA(r=0.085,P>0.05)呈正相关。直接效应与间接效应的符号相反。PR和DA之间存在百分比为20.7%的抑制。良好的自我评估健康状况[0.057(0.018,0.183)]可能是DA的保护因素。
■医疗保健提供者应通过降低DA和增加SA可能性的干预措施来改善患有高血压的中老年人的PR。
The aging trend of
China\'s population is severe and successful aging (SA) is imminent. Aging can lead to various chronic diseases, with hypertension being the most common. Due to this lifelong disease, patients suffer from many anxieties, as death anxiety (DA) can be the most prevalent. Studies have exhibited that middle-aged adults approaching the transition to an older state show more pronounced DA than the more senior. It has been suggested that psychological resilience (PR) can reduce DA. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the mediating effect of SA between PR and DA in middle-aged and older adults with hypertension.
A cross-sectional survey was designed. From August to December 2021, 298 middle-aged and older adults with hypertension were selected by multistage cluster random sampling in three districts (Ling he District, Gu ta District, and Tai He District) of Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province. They were surveyed using the demographic questionnaires, the Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale, the Successful Aging Inventory, and the Chinese version of a Likert-type Templer-Death Anxiety Scale. Descriptive analyses, independent sample T-test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to describe demographic characteristics among hypertensive patients with different characteristics, respectively. Statistics were considered significant when P < 0.05. Pearson correlation coefficients describe the relationship between PR, SA, and DA. The research model was shaped through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). SPSS PROCESS macro was used to verify the mediation model. A binary logistic regression model was used with DA as the dependent variable.
The scores for PR, SA, and DA in hypertensive patients are (49.52 ± 14.38) points, (51.22 ± 7.63) points, and (46.67 ± 9.03) points. PR was negatively correlated with DA (r = -0.307, P < 0.01). Moreover, incorporating SA as a mediating variable in PR and DA, SA was positively correlated with PR (r = 0.335, P < 0.01) and DA (r = 0.085, P > 0.05). The direct effect is opposite to the sign of the indirect effect. There is a suppression between PR and DA with a percentage of 20.7%. Good self-assessed health status [0.057 (0.018, 0.183)] may be a protective factor for DA.
Healthcare providers should improve the PR of middle-aged and older adults with hypertension through interventions that reduce DA and increase the likelihood of SA.