背景:链球菌中毒性休克综合征(STSS)是化脓性链球菌感染的严重后果。早期识别和及时干预适当的抗感染药物对于管理儿科STSS至关重要。这项研究评估了儿童STSS的各种治疗方案的有效性。
方法:回顾性分析2009年1月至2023年4月两所医院β溶血性链球菌感染致STSS患儿的临床资料。此外,研究了中国国家知识基础设施关于儿科STSS的文献。抗菌治疗根据其组成分为四组,对辅助治疗药物进行了额外的分类。
结果:在32例确诊的STSS病例中,都显示出对氨苄青霉素的敏感性,β-内酰胺类抗生素,和万古霉素,但是对克林霉素的抗性,红霉素,还有四环素.从文学,提取了23项50例研究,导致总共82名患者进行评估。四个治疗组的有效率差异显著。值得注意的是,标准含青霉素组表现出最高的疗效(86.4%),而使用大环内酯类/未使用抗生素的组的有效率为0%。其他两组的有效率分别为32.1%和42.3%。
结论:对于儿科STSS,化脓性链球菌对氨苄青霉素表现出明显的敏感性。及时实施β-内酰胺类抗生素,特别是青霉素,与克林霉素和静脉注射免疫球蛋白联合使用可提高治疗成功率。
Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) is a severe consequence of infections from Streptococcus pyogenes. The early identification and timely intervention with appropriate anti-infective agents are pivotal for managing pediatric STSS. This study evaluates the effectiveness of various treatment regimens for STSS in children.
Clinical data of children with STSS resulting from β-hemolytic streptococcal infections in two hospitals were retrospectively analyzed from January 2009 to April 2023. Additionally, literature from the
China National Knowledge Infrastructure on pediatric STSS was examined. Antimicrobial treatments were categorized into four groups based on their compositions, with an additional categorization for adjunct therapeutic drugs.
Of 32 confirmed STSS cases, all displayed sensitivity to ampicillin, β-lactam antibiotics, and vancomycin, but resistance to clindamycin, erythromycin, and tetracycline. From the literature, 23 studies with 50 cases were extracted, leading to a total of 82 patients for evaluation. The efficacy rates varied significantly among the four treatment groups. Notably, the standard penicillin-containing group exhibited the highest efficacy (86.4%), while the group with macrolides/unused antibiotics registered a 0% efficacy rate. The other two groups demonstrated efficacy rates of 32.1% and 42.3%.
For pediatric STSS, Streptococcus pyogenes shows notable sensitivity to ampicillin. Implementing timely β-lactam antibiotics, specifically penicillin, in conjunction with clindamycin and intravenous immunoglobulins enhances the treatment success rate.