高原鼠兔(Ochotonacoronae)在青藏高原中的作用经常引起争议,因为它通常被视为破坏性害虫或生态系统工程师。在这里,使用72对观察进行了荟萃分析,以检查高原鼠兔对环境质量的影响(即,植物和土壤特性)取决于青藏高原的人口密度。Pika种群密度用作干扰强度的代表。根据洞穴数量将鼠兔扰动强度分为五组,包括低干扰强度(LD)(每公顷9-30个洞穴),中等干扰强度(MD)(每公顷31-100个洞穴),高干扰强度(HD)(每公顷101-170个洞穴),极端干扰强度(ED)(每公顷171-240个洞穴)和不受控制(或过度)的干扰强度(UD)(每公顷>241个洞穴)。鉴于某些组中的样本量很小(尤其是对于HD),我们进一步汇总了包括LD-MD和HD-UD的干扰组.总的来说,相对于控制(即,没有令人不安的),在LD-MD下,地上生物量有很大的增加(80.3%),而HD-UD下下降了41.1%。同时,植物覆盖率,物种丰富度,高度,地下生物量仅在HD-UD中大大降低。此外,植物覆盖率的影响大小,物种丰富度,地上生物量也随着鼠兔洞穴密度的显著下降。关于土壤性质,土壤有机碳显著增加,铵态氮,和LD-MD下的土壤有机碳储量,而在HD-UD下下降。此外,土壤全氮,总钾,在LD-MD和HD-UD处,硝酸盐氮增加。然而,这些土壤特性的影响大小(>20个观测值)与鼠兔洞穴密度无关。总之,这表明,鼠兔的轻度和中度干扰有利于维持和促进西藏草原的生态系统功能。今后,在高寒草地管理中应重新考虑根除鼠兔的政策。
The roles of plateau pika (Ochotona coronae) in the Tibetan Plateau are often controversial, because it is often regarded as a destructive pest or an ecosystem engineer. Here a meta-analysis using 72 paired observations was conducted to examine whether the impacts of plateau pika on environmental quality (i.e., plant and soil properties) depend on population density in the Tibetan Plateau. Pika population density was used as a proxy for disturbance intensity. The pika disturbance intensity was divided into five groups based on the number of burrows, including low disturbance intensity (LD) (9-30 burrows per ha), medium disturbance intensity (MD) (31-100 burrows per ha), high disturbance intensity (HD) (101-170 burrows per ha), extreme disturbance intensity (ED) (171-240 burrows per ha) and uncontrolled (or excessive) disturbance intensity (UD) (>241 burrows per ha). Given that sample sizes in some of the groups are small (especially for the HD), we further pooled the disturbance groups including the LD-MD and HD-UD. Overall, relative to control (i.e., no disturbing), there was a great increase (80.3%) in aboveground biomass under the LD-MD, whereas a decrease of 41.1% occurred under the HD-UD. At the same time, plant coverage, species richness, height, and belowground biomass greatly decreased only in the HD-UD. Furthermore, the effect size of plant coverage, species richness, and aboveground biomass also declined with pika burrow density significantly. With regard to soil properties, there was a significant increase in soil organic carbon, ammonium nitrogen, and soil organic carbon stock under the LD-MD, whereas a decrease under the HD-UD. In addition, soil total nitrogen, total potassium, and nitrate nitrogen increased at the LD-MD and HD-UD. Nevertheless, the effect size of these soil properties (with >20 observations) was not related to pika burrow density. In summary, there is an implication that the low and moderate disturbance of pikas is beneficial to maintain and promote ecosystem functioning in the Tibetan grasslands. In the future pikas\' eradication policy should be reconsidered in alpine grassland management.