在生物学中,进化博弈论模型经常出现,其中玩家的策略会影响环境状态,策略和周围环境之间的驱动反馈。在这种情况下,合作相互作用可以应用于研究生态系统,动物或微生物种群,和从环境中产生或积极提取生长资源的细胞。我们考虑了具有复制动力学和人口成员从某些外部来源提取的限制增长的公共物品的生态进化博弈论框架。众所周知,合作者和叛逃者的两个子群体可以发展时空模式,从而在共享环境中实现长期共存。调查这一现象并揭示维持合作的机制,我们分析了两种生态进化模型:良好混合的环境和具有空间扩散的异质模型。在后者中,我们将空间扩散整合到复制子动力学中。我们的发现揭示了丰富的战略动态,包括双稳态和分叉,在时间系统和空间稳定性方面,以及图灵不稳定,图灵-霍普夫分叉,扩散系统中的混沌。结果表明,促进合作的有效机制包括增加玩家密度,减少相对时间尺度,控制初始合作者的密度,提高公共产品的扩散率,降低合作者的扩散速率,并提高对合作者的回报。我们提供存在的条件,稳定性,以及两个系统中分叉的发生。我们的分析可以应用于人类决策等领域的动态现象,微生物生长因子分泌,集体狩猎。
In biology, evolutionary game-theoretical models often arise in which players\' strategies impact the state of the environment, driving feedback between strategy and the surroundings. In this case, cooperative interactions can be applied to studying ecological systems, animal or microorganism populations, and cells producing or actively extracting a growth resource from their environment. We consider the framework of eco-evolutionary game theory with replicator dynamics and growth-limiting public goods extracted by population members from some external source. It is known that the two sub-populations of cooperators and defectors can develop spatio-temporal patterns that enable long-term coexistence in the shared environment. To investigate this phenomenon and unveil the mechanisms that sustain cooperation, we analyze two eco-evolutionary models: a well-mixed environment and a heterogeneous model with spatial diffusion. In the latter, we integrate spatial diffusion into replicator dynamics. Our findings reveal rich strategy dynamics, including bistability and bifurcations, in the temporal system and spatial stability, as well as Turing instability, Turing-Hopf bifurcations, and chaos in the diffusion system. The results indicate that effective mechanisms to promote cooperation include increasing the player density, decreasing the relative timescale, controlling the density of initial cooperators, improving the diffusion rate of the public goods, lowering the diffusion rate of the cooperators, and enhancing the payoffs to the cooperators. We provide the conditions for the existence, stability, and occurrence of bifurcations in both systems. Our analysis can be applied to dynamic phenomena in fields as diverse as human decision-making, microorganism growth factors secretion, and group hunting.