■驾驶是一项涉及各种认知活动的复杂技能。先前的研究已经探索了与非驾驶员相比,与驾驶员的导航能力相关的大脑结构的差异。然而,目前尚不清楚与驾驶员的低级感觉和高级认知能力相关的结构是否发生变化.
■灰质体积,通过T1加权图像的基于体素的形态计量学分析进行评估,被认为是大脑结构变化的可靠指标。这项研究采用基于体素的形态学分析来研究驾驶员(n=22)和非驾驶员(n=20)之间的结构差异。
■结果表明,与非司机相比,驾驶员在枕中回表现出明显减少的灰质体积,颞中回,颈上回,还有小脑,建议与驾驶相关的经验的关系。此外,枕中回的体积,和颞中回,被发现与多年的驾驶经验略有负相关,提示驾驶体验对灰质体积的潜在影响。然而,在驾驶经验和额叶灰质体积之间没有观察到显著的相关性。
■这些发现表明,驾驶技能和经验对负责低水平感觉和运动处理的皮质区域有明显影响。同时,对与高阶认知功能相关的皮质区域的影响似乎很小.
UNASSIGNED: Driving is a complex skill involving various cognitive activities. Previous research has explored differences in the brain structures related to the navigational abilities of drivers compared to non-drivers. However, it remains unclear whether changes occur in the structures associated with low-level sensory and higher-order cognitive abilities in drivers.
UNASSIGNED: Gray matter volume, assessed via voxel-based morphometry analysis of T1-weighted images, is considered a reliable indicator of structural changes in the brain. This study employs voxel-based morphological analysis to investigate structural differences between drivers (n = 22) and non-drivers (n = 20).
UNASSIGNED: The results indicate that, in comparison to non-drivers, drivers exhibit significantly reduced gray matter volume in the middle occipital gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, and cerebellum, suggesting a relationship with driving-related experience. Furthermore, the volume of the middle occipital gyrus, and middle temporal gyrus, is found to be marginally negative related to the years of driving experience, suggesting a potential impact of driving experience on gray matter volume. However, no significant correlations were observed between driving experiences and frontal gray matter volume.
UNASSIGNED: These findings suggest that driving skills and experience have a pronounced impact on the cortical areas responsible for low-level sensory and motor processing. Meanwhile, the influence on cortical areas associated with higher-order cognitive function appears to be minimal.