次生代谢产物的生态学意义在于提高植物的适应能力。次级代谢产物,通常是药用成分,是由不合适的环境引发的,因此逆境下的药材质量更好。由于其良好的条件,栽培的质量严重下降。防风,防风的干燥根(Turcz。)Schischk。,是亚洲国家最常见的植物药之一,现在基本上来自种植,导致市场价格仅为野生价格的1/10至1/3,因此,提高栽培防风药材的质量刻不容缓。一氧化氮(NO)在产生活性氧和改变植物的次生代谢中起着至关重要的作用。本研究旨在通过补充外源NO来提高栽培防风的品质。为了实现这一点,硝普钠(SNP)被用作NO提供者,并以0.03、0.1、0.5和1.0mmol/L的浓度应用于异花链球菌的新鲜根。这项研究测量了参数,包括抗氧化酶的活性,次级代谢合成酶,如苯丙氨酸氨裂解酶(PAL),1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸(ACC),和查耳酮合成酶(CHS),以及NO的内容,超氧自由基(O2·-),过氧化氢(H2O2),丙二醛(MDA),和四种次生代谢产物.用解热评价防风药材的质量,镇痛药,抗炎作用,和炎症因子。因此,在SNP下,新鲜根中的NO含量显着增加,这导致O2·-的显着增加,H2O2和MDA。重要的抗氧化酶的活性,包括超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),过氧化氢酶(CAT),和过氧化物酶(POD),被发现也增加了,在第2天和第3天观察到它们的峰值水平。PAL,ACC,CHS活动也显著增强,导致所有群体中防风草的次生代谢产物含量增加,特别是0.5mmol/L的SNP。四种活性成分,prim-O-葡萄糖基cimifugin,Cimifugin,4'-O-β-D-葡萄糖基-5-O-甲基维胺醇,和sec-O-葡萄糖基乳腺癌,增长88.3%,325.0%,55.4%,和283.8%,分别,第三天。在0.5mmol/LSNP下,防风药效显著增强。外源SNP能在不利条件下诱导麻黄的生理反应,显著提高防风品质。
The ecological significance of secondary metabolites is to improve the adaptive ability of plants. Secondary metabolites, usually medicinal ingredients, are triggered by unsuitable environment, thus the quality of medicinal materials under adversity being better. The quality of the cultivated was heavily declined due to its good conditions. Radix Saposhnikoviae, the dried root of Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk., is one of the most common botanicals in Asian countries, now basically comes from cultivation, resulting in the market price being only 1/10 to 1/3 of its wild counterpart, so improving the quality of cultivated Radix Saposhnikoviae is of urgency. Nitric oxide (NO) plays a crucial role in generating reactive oxygen species and modifying the secondary metabolism of plants. This study aims to enhance the quality of cultivated Radix Saposhnikoviae by supplementing exogenous NO. To achieve this, sodium
nitroprusside (SNP) was utilized as an NO provider and applied to fresh roots of S. divaricata at concentrations of 0.03, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mmol/L. This study measured parameters including the activities of antioxidant enzymes, secondary metabolite synthesis enzymes such as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), and chalcone synthase (CHS), as well as the contents of NO, superoxide radicals (O2·-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and four secondary metabolites. The quality of Radix Saposhnikoviae was evaluated with antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory effects, and inflammatory factors. As a result, the NO contents in the fresh roots were significantly increased under SNP, which led to a significant increase of O2·-, H2O2, and MDA. The activities of important antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD), were found to increase as well, with their peak levels observed on the 2nd and 3rd days. PAL, ACC, and CHS activities were also significantly enhanced, resulting in the increased secondary metabolite contents of Radix saposhnikoviae in all groups, especially the 0.5 mmol/L SNP. The four active ingredients, prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, cimifugin, 4\'-O-β-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol, and sec-O-glucosylhamaudol, increased by 88.3%,325.0%, 55.4%, and 283.8%, respectively, on the 3rd day. The pharmaceutical effects of Radix Saposhnikoviae under 0.5 mmol/L SNP were significantly enhanced. Exogenous SNP can induce the physiological response of S. divaricata under adverse conditions and significantly improve the quality of Radix Saposhnikoviae.