背景:多组分运动具有改善轻度认知障碍患者认知功能的潜力。然而,多成分运动对轻度认知障碍患者特定认知亚域的影响以及运动成分的最佳组合尚不清楚.
目的:本系统综述旨在(a)研究多成分运动对轻度认知障碍患者不同认知亚域的影响,以及(b)研究多成分运动不同组合对轻度认知障碍患者整体认知的影响。
方法:系统综述和荟萃分析。
方法:六个电子数据库,包括PubMed,Medline,EMBASE,WebofScience,科克伦图书馆,从一开始到1月1日,2023年。纳入评估多组分运动干预对轻度认知障碍患者认知功能影响的随机对照试验。使用Cochrane协作偏差评估工具评估偏差风险。使用随机效应模型来计算标准化的平均差。亚组分析,元回归,并进行了敏感性分析。如果荟萃分析不可行,研究是叙述性综合的。
结果:确定了20项研究进行系统评价和荟萃分析。多分量运动显着改善了整体认知[SMD=1.04;95%置信区间(CI):0.53,1.55],认知灵活性(SMD=-1.04;95%CI:-1.81,-0.27),处理速度(SMD=0.43;95%CI:0.04,0.82),言语流畅性(SMD=0.38;95%CI:0.13,0.63),轻度认知障碍的注意力(SMD=-0.90;95%CI:-1.68,-0.12)和记忆(SMD=0.36;95%CI:0.04,0.69)。包括心血管在内的多组分运动(促进心血管健康的运动,如耐力训练或有氧运动)和运动(提高身体能力的运动,比如平衡,协调,敏捷性,灵活性,等。)成分对轻度认知障碍患者的整体认知有积极影响(SMD=1.06;95%CI:0.55,1.57)。
结论:这项研究的结果表明,多成分运动对各个认知领域都有积极的影响,包括全球认知,认知灵活性,处理速度,口语流利,轻度认知障碍的注意力和记忆。具体来说,包括心血管和运动成分在内的运动组合被发现在改善全球认知方面是有效的。然而,需要进一步的研究来研究多组分运动干预的最佳频率和强度,以及有关轻度认知障碍患者运动成分的运动组合(在本研究中未分类)的更多详细信息。
背景:该协议已在PROSPERO(CRD42023400302)上注册。
BACKGROUND: Multicomponent exercise has the potential to improve cognitive function in people with mild cognitive impairment. However, the effects of multicomponent exercise on specific cognitive subdomains in mild cognitive impairment and the optimal combination of exercise components remain unclear.
OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to (a) investigate the effects of multicomponent exercise on different cognitive subdomains in people with mild cognitive impairment and (b) investigate the effects of different combinations of multicomponent exercise on global cognition in people with mild cognitive impairment.
METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
METHODS: Six electronic databases, including PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL were systematically searched from inception to January 1st, 2023. Randomized controlled trials assessing the effect of multicomponent exercise interventions on cognitive function in people with mild cognitive impairment were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane collaborative bias assessment tool. A random-effects model was used to calculate standardized mean difference. Subgroup analyses, meta-regression, and sensitive analysis were performed. If a meta-analysis was not feasible, studies were synthesized narratively.
RESULTS: Twenty studies were identified for systematic review and meta-analysis. Multicomponent exercise significantly improved global cognition [SMD = 1.04; 95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.53, 1.55], cognitive flexibility (SMD = -1.04; 95 % CI: -1.81, -0.27), processing speed (SMD = 0.43; 95 % CI: 0.04, 0.82), verbal fluency (SMD = 0.38; 95 % CI: 0.13, 0.63), attention (SMD = -0.90; 95 % CI: -1.68, -0.12) and memory (SMD = 0.36; 95 % CI: 0.04, 0.69) in mild cognitive impairment. The multicomponent exercise including cardiovascular (exercise that promotes cardiovascular health, such as endurance training or aerobic exercise) and motor (exercises that improve physical abilities, such as balance, coordination, agility, flexibility, etc.) components positively affected global cognition in people with mild cognitive impairment (SMD = 1.06; 95 % CI: 0.55, 1.57).
CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that multicomponent exercise has a positive impact on various cognitive domains, including global cognition, cognitive flexibility, processing speed, verbal fluency, attention and memory in mild cognitive impairment. Specifically, the combination of exercises including cardiovascular and motor components was found to be effective in improving global cognition. However, further research is needed to investigate the optimal frequency and intensity of the multicomponent exercise intervention, and more detail about exercise combinations of the motor component (not classified in this study) for individuals with mild cognitive impairment.
BACKGROUND: The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023400302).