背景:父母经常参与孩子的家庭作业,目的是提高孩子的学业成绩。然而,关于父母参与家庭作业在塑造学生学习成果方面的作用,我们观察到了不同的发现。
目的:本研究通过考虑社会集体主义-个人主义的程度,研究了父母参与家庭作业对学生在科学和数学方面的表现的影响是否以及如何在不同的社会文化背景下变化。
方法:本研究使用大规模数据集,由来自43个国家/地区的与会者组成,测试社会集体主义-个人主义是否会缓和三种类型的父母参与之间的关系(询问,帮助和检查)作业和小学生在数学和科学方面的学习成绩。
结果:多层次分析揭示了不同的父母参与行为对家庭作业的不同影响。帮助和检查行为通常与小学生的学业成绩呈负相关,但是询问行为与他们的学业成绩呈正相关。重要的是,询问行为的积极作用更强,而帮助行为的负面影响在集体主义社会中比在个人主义社会中弱。
结论:本研究强调了在评估父母在小学生数学和科学学习中的作用时,考虑父母家庭作业参与的多面性和集体主义-个人主义不同的社会文化背景的重要性。
BACKGROUND: Parents are often involved in their child\'s homework with the goal of improving their child\'s academic achievement. However, mixed findings were observed for the role of parental involvement in homework in shaping students\' learning outcomes.
OBJECTIVE: The present study examined whether and how the effect of parental involvement in homework on students\' performance in science and math varies across sociocultural contexts by considering the degrees of societal collectivism-individualism.
METHODS: The present study used a large-scale dataset, consisting of participants from 43 countries/regions, to test whether societal collectivism-individualism would moderate the relationship between three types of parental involvement (asking, helping and checking) in homework and elementary school students\' academic performance in math and science.
RESULTS: The multi-level analyses revealed diverse effects of different parental involvement behaviours for homework. Helping and checking behaviours were generally negatively associated with elementary school students\' academic achievement, but asking behaviours were positively associated with their academic achievement. Importantly, the positive effect of asking behaviours was stronger, while the negative effect of helping behaviours was weaker in collectivistic societies than in individualistic societies.
CONCLUSIONS: The present study highlights the importance of considering the multifaceted nature of parental homework involvement and the sociocultural contexts that vary in collectivism-individualism when evaluating the role of parents in elementary school students\' learning in math and science.