To explore the advantages and disadvantages of 3D Slicer reconstruction and 3D printing localization combined with transcranial neuroendoscope in the surgical treatment of deep cerebral micro cavernous hemangiomas. Method The clinical data of patients with deep cerebral micro cavernous hemangiomas treated by our hospital from June 2022 to February 2023 using 3D Slicer reconstruction and 3D printing localization technology combined with transcranial endoscopic surgery were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 5 cases with complete data were collected, including 2 males and 3 females, aged 9-59 years. All 5 patients had deep supratentorial cavernous hemangiomas with a diameter of less than 1.5 cm, and had clinical symptoms such as headache or epilepsy, and had been diagnosed by CT or MRI. Repeated bleeding from small cavernous hemangiomas in the deep brain can lead to clinical symptoms such as recurrent headache and epilepsy, and is required surgical treatment. However, cavernous hemangiomas often have smaller lesions and are difficult to locate in the deep part. Without neuronavigation, surgery can become extremely difficult. Our team\'s newly developed 3D Slicer reconstruction and 3D printing localization technology which could provide new options for surgical treatment of small cavernous hemangiomas or other small lesions in the deep brain, but its accuracy and safety still need to be verified by further clinical research.

BACKGROUND: Rectal cavernous hemangioma is a rare, benign vascular disease that seldom causes lower gastrointestinal bleeding, characterized by a high rate of misdiagnosis and missed diagnoses. Surgical treatment is considered to be relatively effective; however, it is accompanied by certain employed in the treatment of superficial hemangioma, boasting the advantages of minimally invasive surgery, including safety, effectiveness, reduced trauma, and rapid recovery. However, there is a lack of literature regarding the application of foam sclerosing agents for gastrointestinal hemangiomas.
UNASSIGNED: We present a case of a 60-year-old male who was admitted to our hospital with a history of recurrent hematochezia for >1 year and worsening symptoms for 1 week. The patient\'s medical history was unremarkable.
METHODS: Following colonoscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and other examinations, the final diagnosis was rectal cavernous hemangioma.
METHODS: Due to the patient\'s refusal of surgery, endoscopic foam sclerotherapy using a lauromacrogol injection was performed after obtaining informed consent from the patient and their relatives.
RESULTS: Post-sclerotherapy, hematochezia symptoms ceased, and no adverse reactions were observed. Two months later, colonoscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging showed that the hemangioma had almost completely disappeared, with only a small amount of tumor remnants, yielding a satisfactory curative effect.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that endoscopic injection of a lauromacrogol foam sclerosing agent is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive treatment option for gastrointestinal cavernous hemangiomas.

Extra-axial cavernous hemangiomas (ECHs) are complex vascular lesions mainly found in the spine and cavernous sinus. Their removal poses significant risk due to their vascularity and diffuse nature, and their genetic underpinnings remain incompletely understood. Our approach involved genetic analyses on 31 tissue samples of ECHs employing whole-exome sequencing and targeted deep sequencing. We explored downstream signaling pathways, gene expression changes, and resultant phenotypic shifts induced by these mutations, both in vitro and in vivo. In our cohort, 77.4% of samples had somatic missense variants in GNA14, GNAQ, or GJA4. Transcriptomic analysis highlighted significant pathway upregulation, with the GNAQ c.626A>G (p.Gln209Arg) mutation elevating PI3K-AKT-mTOR and angiogenesis-related pathways, while GNA14 c.614A>T (p.Gln205Leu) mutation led to MAPK and angiogenesis-related pathway upregulation. Using a mouse xenograft model, we observed enlarged vessels from these mutations. Additionally, we initiated rapamycin treatment in a 14-year-old individual harboring the GNAQ c.626A>G (p.Gln209Arg) variant, resulting in gradual regression of cutaneous cavernous hemangiomas and improved motor strength, with minimal side effects. Understanding these mutations and their pathways provides a foundation for developing therapies for ECHs resistant to current therapies. Indeed, the administration of rapamycin in an individual within this study highlights the promise of targeted treatments in treating these complex lesions.

心脏海绵状血管瘤是一种罕见的良性心脏肿瘤，需要与心脏黏液瘤、乳头状弹力纤维瘤、心脏肉瘤等鉴别诊断。对于症状明显的患者应首选手术治疗，术后长期预后良好。该文报道了1例心脏海绵状血管瘤患者的诊治过程。.

暂无摘要。

Objective:To explore strategies for preserving facial nerve function during surgeries for rare tumors of the internal auditory canal. Methods:A total of 235 cases of internal auditory canal tumors treated between 2010 and 2023 were included, encompassing vestibular schwannomas, cavernous hemangiomas, meningiomas, and other rare tumors. Various data, including clinical presentations, imaging classifications, and treatment processes, were meticulously analyzed to delineate the characteristics of rare tumors and assess pre-and postoperative facial nerve function. Results:Among all internal auditory canal tumors, vestibular schwannomas accounted for 91.9%. In rare tumors, facial nerve schwannomas constituted 5.3%, cavernous hemangiomas 26.3%, meningiomas 15.8%, and arterial aneurysms 10.5%. Significantly, patients with cavernous hemangiomas displayed pronounced invasion of the facial nerve by the tumor, in contrast to other tumor types where clear boundaries with the facial nerve were maintained. During surgery, individualized approaches and strategies for facial nerve protection were implemented for different tumor types, involving intraoperative dissection, tumor excision, and facial nerve reconstruction. Conclusion:Preservation of the facial nerve is crucial in the surgical management of rare tumors of the internal auditory canal. Accurate preoperative diagnosis, appropriate timing of surgery, selective surgical approaches, and meticulous intraoperative techniques can maximize the protection of facial nerve function. Personalized treatment plans and strategies for facial nerve functional reconstruction are anticipated to enhance surgical success rates, reduce the risk of postoperative facial nerve dysfunction, and ultimately improve the quality of life for patients.
目的：探索内听道少见肿瘤手术过程中面神经保护的策略。 方法：纳入2010至2023年就诊的235例内听道肿瘤患者，其中包括前庭神经鞘瘤、海绵状血管瘤、脑膜瘤等少见肿瘤。通过临床表现、影像学分类和治疗过程等多方面数据，详细分析少见肿瘤的特点，术前术后的面神经功能情况。 结果：在所有内听道肿瘤中，前庭神经鞘瘤占91.9%；在少见肿瘤中，面神经鞘瘤占5.3%，海绵状血管瘤占26.3%，脑膜瘤占15.8%，动脉瘤占10.5%。海绵状血管瘤患者中肿瘤侵袭面神经的情况明显，而其他肿瘤与面神经边界清晰。手术过程中，对于不同类型的肿瘤，采取了个体化的手术入路和面神经保护策略，包括术中分离、肿瘤切除、面神经重建等。 结论：面神经在内听道少见肿瘤手术中的保护至关重要。通过精准的术前诊断、合适的手术时机、选择性的手术入路以及术中的细致操作，可以最大限度地保护面神经功能。个体化的治疗方案和面神经功能的重建策略有望提高手术成功率，减轻患者术后面神经功能障碍的风险，从而改善患者的生活质量。.

UNASSIGNED: Camrelizumab, a programmed death 1 (PD-1) inhibiting antibody, has demonstrated efficacy in various malignancies and received approval in multiple countries. Despite its therapeutic benefits, camrelizumab is associated with a unique spectrum of immune-related adverse effects (irAEs), predominantly reactive cutaneous capillary endothelial proliferation (RCCEP). However, visceral manifestations of such endothelial proliferations, particularly hepatic cavernous hemangiomas, have not been extensively documented.
UNASSIGNED: This case series retrospectively reviews six patients who developed hepatic hemangiomas following treatment with camrelizumab in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents. The series highlights the clinical course, imaging findings, management strategies, and outcomes associated with this complication. A detailed analysis was conducted to discern the potential causal relationship between camrelizumab therapy and the development of hepatic hemangiomas.
UNASSIGNED: All six patients, after varying cycles of camrelizumab-based therapy, presented with hepatic lesions identified as cavernous hemangiomas on imaging. These findings were atypical for metastatic disease and were further complicated by significant clinical events, including massive intra-abdominal bleeding post-biopsy. Discontinuation of camrelizumab led to a reduction in the size of the hemangiomas in two cases, suggesting a potential link between the drug and the development of these vascular lesions. The incidence of RCCEP remained high, and the use of other agents such as bevacizumab did not mitigate the occurrence of hepatic hemangiomas, indicating a possible unique pathogenic mechanism associated with camrelizumab.
UNASSIGNED: Hepatic cavernous hemangioma may represent a rare but clinically significant irAE associated with camrelizumab therapy. This series underscores the importance of vigilant monitoring and a high index of suspicion for atypical hepatic lesions in patients undergoing treatment with PD-1 inhibitors. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the pathophysiology of this complication and to establish guidelines for the management and surveillance of patients receiving camrelizumab.

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OBJECTIVE: Herein, we reported a case of retinal cavernous hemangioma (RCH) and its multimodal imaging.
METHODS: Many grape-like lesions were incidentally found along the distal portion of the vascular arcade in a 23-year-old man\'s superonasal quadrant of the retina. The best-corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes. The fluorescein angiography showed saccular lesions that slowly filled with hypofluorescence in the early stage and clusters of aneurysms with hyperfluorescence and a special \"fluorescein cap\" appearance in the late stage. The optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) B-scan revealed multilocular cavernous spaces with different sizes in the inner retinal layers, varying signals, and an epiretinal membrane. The enface OCTA of retina showed grape-like changes and multiple highly reflective signal cavities with clear and complete boundaries.
CONCLUSIONS: Different multimodal images are better for understanding the characteristics of RCH and more convenient for its diagnosis and follow-up.

A 37-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital with a large liver mass, diagnosed as hepatic inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (HIMT), characterized by unique radiographic features and predominantly occurring in adults. HIMT consists of myofibroblast spindle cells infiltrated by plasma cells and/or lymphocytes, with an unclear aetiology linked to factors like infection and immune response. Treatment typically involves surgical resection, with chemotherapy or targeted therapy options for cases of incomplete resection or metastasis, emphasizing the need for precise diagnosis and tailored treatment strategies.