谷物品质,包括碾磨品质,外观质量,饮食和烹饪质量,营养品质是水稻育种的重要指标。稻米品质遗传改良取得了重大成就。在这项研究中,我们分析了1570个水稻品种的16个性状的变异模式,发现在外观品质和食用烹饪品质上有了显着改善,特别是杂交水稻。通过全基因组关联研究和品质性状基因的等位基因功能核苷酸多态性分析,我们发现ALK,FGR1,FLO7,GL7/GW7,GLW7,GS2,GS3,ONAC129,OsGRF8,POW1,WCR1和Wx与中国南方稻米品质性状的遗传改良有关。13个重要稻米品质基因的等位基因功能核苷酸多态性分析,包括香味基因fgr,使用聚合酶链反应扩增难治性突变系统技术进行。结果表明,Gui516、Gui569、Gui721、Ryousi、Rsimiao,Rbasi,Yuehui9802具有多个优良等位基因。本研究阐明了华南地区品种关键品质性状的表型变化和分子基础。研究结果将为水稻品质遗传改良和新品种开发提供指导。
Grain qualities including milling quality, appearance quality, eating and cooking quality, and nutritional quality are important indicators in rice breeding. Significant achievements in genetic improvement of rice quality have been made. In this study, we analyzed the variation patterns of 16 traits in 1570 rice varieties and found significant improvements in appearance quality and eating and cooking quality, particularly in hybrid rice. Through genome-wide association study and allelic functional nucleotide polymorphisms analysis of quality trait genes, we found that ALK, FGR1, FLO7, GL7/GW7, GLW7, GS2, GS3, ONAC129, OsGRF8, POW1, WCR1, and Wx were associated with the genetic improvement of rice quality traits in Southern
China. Allelic functional nucleotide polymorphisms analysis of 13 important rice quality genes, including fragrance gene fgr, were performed using the polymerase chain reaction amplification refractory mutation system technology. The results showed that Gui516, Gui569, Gui721, Ryousi, Rsimiao, Rbasi, and Yuehui9802 possessed multiple superior alleles. This study elucidates the phenotypic changes and molecular basis of key quality traits of varieties in Southern
China. The findings will provide guidance for genetic improvement of rice quality and the development of new varieties.