PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Hessian fly (HF), Mayetiola destructor, is a major insect pest that causes severe losses in grain yield and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Growing resistant cultivars is the most cost-effective approach to minimize wheat yield losses caused by HF. In this study, 2,496 wheat accessions were screened for resistance to the HF biotype \'Great Plains\' (GP) in the greenhouse experiments. To purify seeds from heterogeneous resistant accessions, we recovered single resistant plants from 331 accessions that had at least one resistant plant after HF infestation of a global collection of 1,595 accessions and confirmed 27 accessions with high resistance (HR), and 91 accessions with moderate resistance (MR) to the GP biotype using purified seeds. Screening of 203 U.S. winter wheat accessions in three experiments identified 63 HR and 28 MR accessions; and screening of three additional Asian panels identified 4 HR and 25 MR accessions. Together, this study identified 96 HR accessions and 144 MR accessions. Analysis of the geographic distribution of these HR and MR accessions revealed that these countries with HF as a major wheat pest usually showed higher frequencies of resistant accessions, with the highest frequency of HR (81.3%) and MR (30.6%) accessions identified from the U.S. In addition, phenotyping of 39 wheat accessions that carry known HF resistance genes showed that all the accessions except H1H2 remain effective against GP biotype. Some of these newly identified resistant accessions may contain new HF resistance genes and can be valuable sources for developing HF resistant wheat cultivars.
摘要：
黑森州苍蝇(HF),Mayetiola析构函数，是一种主要的害虫，会导致小麦（Triticumaestivum）的谷物产量和品质遭受严重损失。种植抗性品种是最大程度地减少HF引起的小麦产量损失的最具成本效益的方法。在这项研究中,在温室实验中筛选了2,496种小麦对HF生物型“大平原”（GP）的抗性。为了从异质抗性种质中纯化种子，我们从全球收集的1,595个品种的高频侵染后至少有一个抗性植物的331个品种中回收了单个抗性植物，并确认了27个具有高抗性（HR）的品种，和91种使用纯化种子对GP生物型具有中等抗性（MR）的种质。在三个实验中筛选了203个美国冬小麦种质，确定了63个HR和28个MR种质；另外三个亚洲小组的筛选确定了4个HR和25个MR种质。一起,这项研究确定了96例HR和144例MR。对这些HR和MR种质的地理分布的分析表明，这些以HF为主要小麦害虫的国家通常表现出更高的抗性种质频率，从美国确定的HR(81.3%)和MR(30.6%)加入频率最高。对39个携带已知HF抗性基因的小麦种质的表型分析表明，除H1H2外，所有种质均对GP生物型有效。这些新鉴定的抗性种质中的一些可能包含新的HF抗性基因，并且可能是开发抗HF小麦品种的有价值的来源。
