背景:人格特质与进食障碍(ED)和合并症有关。然而,目前尚不清楚哪些人格特征是病前风险,而不是诊断标记.
方法:我们使用典型相关分析探讨了人格与ED相关心理健康症状之间的关联。我们在纵向样本中调查了人格风险状况,将14岁时的人格与16岁或19岁时的心理健康症状发作联系起来。在患有神经性厌食症的年轻人的样本中鉴定了诊断标志物(AN,n=58)或神经性贪食症(BN,n=63)和健康对照(n=47)。
结果:确定了两个重要的病前风险特征,连续解释7.93%和5.60%的共享方差(Rc2)。第一个结合的神经质(规范加载,rs=0.68),开放性(rs=0.32),冲动性(rs=0.29),和责任心(rs=0.27),未来出现焦虑症状(rs=0.87)和节食(rs=0.58)。另一个,较低的同意度(rs=-0.60)和较低的焦虑敏感度(rs=-0.47),未来故意自我伤害(rs=0.76)和清除(rs=0.55)。在AN(Rc2=80.56%)和BN诊断(Rc2=64.38%)中,与“核心精神病理学”相关的人格特征包括绝望(rs=0.95,0.87)和神经质(rs=0.93,0.94)。对于BN,此配置文件还包括冲动性(rs=0.60)。此外,外向性(rs=0.41)与BN较低的抑郁风险相关。
结论:样本没有种族差异。临床队列仅包括女性。纵向样本中存在非随机磨损。
结论:结果表明神经质和冲动是ED的风险和诊断指标,神经质和绝望作为共同的诊断标记。它们可以为设计更个性化的预防和干预策略提供信息。
BACKGROUND: Personality traits have been associated with eating disorders (EDs) and comorbidities. However, it is unclear which personality profiles are premorbid risk rather than diagnostic markers.
METHODS: We explored associations between personality and ED-related mental health symptoms using canonical correlation analyses. We investigated personality risk profiles in a longitudinal sample, associating personality at age 14 with onset of mental health symptoms at ages 16 or 19. Diagnostic markers were identified in a sample of young adults with anorexia nervosa (AN, n = 58) or bulimia nervosa (BN, n = 63) and healthy controls (n = 47).
RESULTS: Two significant premorbid risk profiles were identified, successively explaining 7.93 % and 5.60 % of shared variance (Rc2). The first combined neuroticism (canonical loading, rs = 0.68), openness (rs = 0.32), impulsivity (rs = 0.29), and conscientiousness (rs = 0.27), with future onset of anxiety symptoms (rs = 0.87) and dieting (rs = 0.58). The other, combined lower agreeableness (rs = -0.60) and lower anxiety sensitivity (rs = -0.47), with future deliberate self-harm (rs = 0.76) and purging (rs = 0.55). Personality profiles associated with \"core psychopathology\" in both AN (Rc2 = 80.56 %) and BN diagnoses (Rc2 = 64.38 %) comprised hopelessness (rs = 0.95, 0.87) and neuroticism (rs = 0.93, 0.94). For BN, this profile also included impulsivity (rs = 0.60). Additionally, extraversion (rs = 0.41) was associated with lower depressive risk in BN.
CONCLUSIONS: The samples were not ethnically diverse. The clinical cohort included only females. There was non-random attrition in the longitudinal sample.
CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest neuroticism and impulsivity as risk and diagnostic markers for EDs, with neuroticism and hopelessness as shared diagnostic markers. They may inform the design of more personalised prevention and intervention strategies.