■本研究旨在调查中国大陆31个省在毒品(DUID)影响下与驾驶相关的交通违法行为的患病率和模式。
■交通犯罪是从具有国家代表性的法院文件披露网站上提取的。包括因与DUID相关的交通违法行为而被定罪的驾驶员。通过拟合负二项回归模型以评估时间趋势来估计费率的每月百分比变化(MPC)。Moran\'sI被用来确定周围省份与DUID相关的比率的相关性。
■总共,确认了896名被判犯有DUID罪的人(2007年4月至2022年3月)。其中,769人发生交通事故,他们杀了629人.关于药物的种类,638种使用过的苯丙胺类兴奋剂(苯丙胺类兴奋剂;甲基苯丙胺,3,4-亚甲二氧基甲基苯丙胺,安非他明,和替氨非他明),104用过的氯胺酮,104使用阿片类药物(海洛因,吗啡,美沙酮,可待因,和曲马多),20用过的咖啡因,4用过的四氢大麻酚,和1使用γ-羟基丁酸。整体吸毒者的犯罪趋势(MPC,-1.1;p<.001)从2014年到2020年下降。在同一时期,与DUID相关的交通事故(-1.5;p<.001)和死亡(-1.7;p<.001)的趋势也有所下降。除了三个省,与ATS相关的犯罪率高于与阿片类药物相关的犯罪率。与氯胺酮相关的犯罪率在周围省份之间显示出显着的正相关(Moran\sI,0.22;p<.01),和华南地区的氯胺酮相关犯罪率最高。
■在示例中,病死率为70.7%,这是漏报的有力指标,大多数与DUID有关的轻微罪行都无法被中国法院文件捕获。应该增加对人们进行药物筛选测试的频率。青海的交警,西藏,新疆应该始终配备药物快速筛查试剂盒,这可能会增加识别DUID罪犯的可能性。
UNASSIGNED: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and pattern of traffic offenses associated with driving under the influence of drugs (DUID) in 31 provinces of mainland
China.
UNASSIGNED: Traffic offenses were extracted from the nationally representative court file disclosure website. Drivers convicted of traffic offenses associated with DUID were included. The monthly percentage change (MPC) in rates was estimated by fitting negative binomial regression models to assess the time trends. Moran\'s I was used to determine the correlations of DUID-related rates among surrounding provinces.
UNASSIGNED: In total, 896 individuals convicted of DUID offenses were identified (April 2007 to March 2022). Of these, 769 individuals were involved in traffic crashes, and they killed 629 people. Regarding the types of drugs, 638 used amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS; methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, amphetamine, and tenamfetamine), 104 used ketamine, 104 used opioids (heroin, morphine, methadone, codeine, and tramadol), 20 used caffeine, 4 used tetrahydrocannabinol, and 1 used gamma-hydroxybutyric acid. The offense trends among overall drug users (MPC, -1.1; p < .001) declined from 2014 to 2020. The trends also decreased for DUID-related traffic crashes (-1.5; p < .001) and deaths (-1.7; p < .001) during the same period. Except in three provinces, ATS-related offense rates were higher than opioid-related offense rates. Ketamine-related offense rates showed a significant positive correlation among the surrounding provinces (Moran\'s I, 0.22; p < .01), and South
China had the highest ketamine-related offense rates.
UNASSIGNED: In the sample, the case fatality rate was 70.7%, which was a strong indicator of underreporting, and most minor DUID-related offenses could not be captured by Chinese court files. The frequency of drug screening tests for people should be increased. The traffic police in Qinghai, Tibet, and Xinjiang should always be equipped with fast screening test kits for drugs, which could increase the possibility of identifying DUID offenders.