目的:A2腺苷受体(A2AR)是治疗炎症性和过敏性疾病的新靶点。然而,其在牛奶蛋白过敏(CMPA)发展中的作用尚未阐明。本研究旨在探讨A2AR在CMPA发育中的作用。
方法:BALB/c小鼠致敏并用卵清蛋白(OVA)攻击以诱导过敏反应。通过检测过敏反应和血浆特异性IgE水平评估模型。通过PCR和流式细胞术测量A2AR的水平。分析Treg细胞的亚群。
结果:OVA致敏和攻击的小鼠表现出典型的过敏症状,如急性过敏性皮肤反应,过敏性休克症状评分增加,和更高水平的总IgE,OVA-specificficIgE,IgG1和IgG2a。OVA致敏小鼠和CMPA患者显示A2AR和Treg细胞水平降低。有趣的是,我们观察到CMPA患者A2AR表达与Treg水平呈正相关。进一步的研究表明,A2AR激动剂CGS21680阻断OVA诱导的过敏反应,和A2AR拮抗剂KW-6002放大过敏反应。有趣的是,CGS21680不仅激活了A2AR介导的信号传导途径,而且还导致Treg细胞群的增加。相比之下,KW-6002治疗降低了过敏小鼠中Tregs的水平。
结论:A2AR表达在CMPA中下调。A2AR介导的通路负调控CMPA的发展,至少在某种程度上,通过放大Tregs的分化。
OBJECTIVE: A2 adenosine receptor (A2AR) is a novel promising target for the treatment of inflammatory and allergic diseases. However, its role in the development of cow\'s milk protein allergy (CMPA) has not been elucidated. The present study was designed to investigate the function of A2AR in CMPA development.
METHODS: BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) to induce allergic responses. The model was assessed by detecting allergic responses and plasma-specific IgE levels. The levels of A2AR were measured by PCR and flow cytometry. The subpopulation of Treg cells was analysed.
RESULTS: The mice sensitized and challenged with OVA showed classic allergic symptoms, such as acute allergic skin responses, increased anaphylactic shock symptom scores, and higher levels of total IgE, OVA-specific IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a. OVA-sensitized mice and CMPA patients showed decreased levels of A2AR and Treg cells. Interestingly, we observed a positive correlation between A2AR expression and Treg levels in CMPA patients. Further study showed that the A2AR agonist CGS21680 blocked OVA-induced allergic reactions, and the A2AR antagonist KW-6002 amplified allergic responses. Interestingly, CGS21680 not only activated the A2AR-mediated signalling pathway but also caused an increase in the population of Treg cells. In contrast, KW-6002 therapy decreased the levels of Tregs in allergic mice.
CONCLUSIONS: A2AR expression is downregulated in CMPA. The A2AR-mediated pathway negatively regulates the development of CMPA, at least in part, by amplifying the differentiation of Tregs.