牛奶蛋白过敏(CMPA)被认为是生命第一年最常见的食物过敏。为此,在我们的审查中,母婴营养的调节,从营养师的角度讨论了营养方面的风险和需要考虑的问题。
因此,了解流行病学,症状,诊断标准,和适当的治疗牛奶蛋白过敏是至关重要的多学科团队的医生,营养师,和在诊所工作的护士。据报道,大约50%的婴儿在出生后的第一年受到牛奶蛋白的影响。尽管CMPA通常被认为在1至2岁之间清除,没有足够的证据来确定将牛乳蛋白重新引入饮食的最佳时间。因为在治疗儿童CMPA时推荐的消除饮食,应评估饮食中母亲和/或婴儿的蛋白质和钙摄入量。针对食物过敏儿童的代谢性骨转换的研究有限。总的来说,低钙摄入与CMPA儿童骨形成减少有关。因此,CMPA患儿应关注骨骼健康,并制定相应的治疗策略.不必要的消除牛奶及其产品,这是营养的重要组成部分,营养缺乏和生长状态应该由营养师,特别是在儿科营养领域工作的监测。
Cow\'s milk protein allergy (CMPA) is known as the most common food allergy in the first year of life. For this purpose, in our
review, the regulation of maternal and infant nutrition, and the risks and the issues to be considered in terms of nutrition are discussed from the perspective of a dietitian.
Therefore, understanding the epidemiology, symptoms, diagnostic criteria, and appropriate treatment of cow\'s milk protein allergy is crucial for the multidisciplinary team of physicians, dietitians, and nurses working in the clinic. It has been reported that tolerance develops in approximately 50% of infants affected by cow\'s milk protein in the first year of life. Although CMPA is generally thought to clear up between 1 and 2 years of age, there is insufficient evidence to determine an optimal time to reintroduce cow\'s milk protein to the diet. Because the elimination diet recommended in the treatment of children with CMPA, adequate protein and calcium intake of the mother and/or baby in the diet should be evaluated. Studies focusing on metabolic bone turnover in children with food allergies are limited. In general, low calcium intake is associated with reduced bone formation in children with CMPA. Therefore, bone health should be focused on and appropriate strategies should be developed in children with CMPA. Unnecessary elimination of milk and its products, which are an important part of nutrition, should be prevented and nutrient deficiencies and growth status should be monitored by dietitians especially working in the field of pediatric nutrition.