背景:需要整形手术的患者表现出更多异常的心理趋势(例如,身体畸形障碍[BDD],抑郁症,和焦虑)比那些需要其他手术的人。然而,国内关于需要整形手术的人群的心理方面的研究很少。因此,分析女性隆鼻患者的心理特点及心理影响。
方法:在本研究中,患者分为两组:男性151例,女性60例.身体形象自评量表(SSBI),焦虑自评量表,抑郁自评量表,并采用术后满意度问卷对患者手术前后进行检查。结果采用t检验进行分析,方差分析,卡方检验,配对秩和检验,和Pearson相关分析。
结果:接受隆鼻手术的女性患者中BDD的总患病率为7.3%。焦虑症的患病率为31.8%,抑郁症的患病率为45.0%。女性BDD患者更容易出现抑郁(55.5%)和焦虑(36.4%)。SSBI评分与婚姻状况(p=0.001)和隆鼻史(p=0.000)有关。此外,术前BDD评分与术后满意度呈负相关(r=-0.392,p=0.002),既往隆鼻史与术后满意度呈负相关(r=-0.603,p=0.000)。
结论:焦虑等病理心理,抑郁症,BDD在计划接受隆鼻手术的患者中很常见,BDD更可能与抑郁症有关。隆鼻对患者心理影响不大,即,它既不会导致改善也不会导致恶化。接受过隆鼻手术的女性患者应被认为具有较高的BDD风险。虽然手术的结果通常是相当积极的,诊断为BDD的患者更有可能不满意。
Patients requiring plastic surgery exhibit more abnormal psychological trends (e.g., body dysmorphic disorder [BDD], depression, and anxiety) than those requiring other surgeries. However, there are only a few domestic studies on the psychological aspects of the population requiring plastic surgery. Therefore, we analyzed the psychological characteristics and psychological impact of rhinoplasty in female patients.
In this study, patients were classified into 2 groups: 151 males and 60 females. The self-rating scale of body image (SSBI), self-rating anxiety scale, self-rating depression scale, and postoperative satisfaction questionnaire were used to examine the patients before and after surgery. The results were analyzed using t-test, analysis of variance, chi-square test, paired rank sum test, and Pearson correlation analysis.
The total prevalence of BDD in female patients who underwent rhinoplasty was 7.3%. The prevalence of anxiety disorders was 31.8% and that of depression was 45.0%. Female patients with BDD were more likely to exhibit depression (55.5%) and anxiety (36.4%). The SSBI score was related to marital status (p = 0.001) and history of rhinoplasty (p = 0.000). Moreover, there was a significant negative correlation between preoperative BDD score and postoperative satisfaction (r = -0.392, p = 0.002) as well as between the previous history of rhinoplasty and postoperative satisfaction (r = -0.603, p = 0.000).
Pathological psychologies such as anxiety, depression, and BDD are common in patients scheduled to undergo rhinoplasty, and BDD is more likely to be associated with depression. Rhinoplasty has little psychological impact on patients, i.e., it neither causes improvement nor deterioration. Female patients who have undergone rhinoplasty should be considered to a have high risk of BDD. Although the outcomes of surgery are generally quite positive, patients diagnosed with BDD are more likely to be dissatisfied.