UNASSIGNED: Recreational and competitive slalom waterskiing is increasingly popular among individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCI), particularly for those with paraplegia using sit-skis. A key component of slalom skiing is the deep-water start (DWS), yet little is known about the physiological and physical demands of this activity when the athlete is seated. This study aims to fill this gap by focusing on the training requirements for a seated slalom athlete.
UNASSIGNED: Focusing on a young male athlete with paraplegia, this case study evaluates the effectiveness and efficiency of traditional (TDWS) and alternative (ADWS) DWS techniques during seated slalom waterskiing sessions. It assesses internal training load (TL) through heart rate (HR) zones and session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), alongside pre- and post-session handgrip strength measurements to gauge peripheral muscle fatigue.
UNASSIGNED: Performing the ADWS, achieving a full success rate, proved more effective but slightly more time-consuming than TDWS, which had limited success. HR during DWS maneuvers ranged from 63.2 to 81.3% of maximal HR, with most sessions occurring below the ventilatory threshold, thus perceived as hard effort. A moderate yet non-significant correlation was found between HR and sRPE-based TL. A significant reduction in handgrip strength post-session underscores the activity\'s demands. These insights illuminate the technical, physiological, and physical challenges in mastering DWS for seated slalom athletes with SCI, providing valuable guidance for the development of tailored training programs and techniques in this sport.

The Vendée Globe is a non-stop, unassisted, single-handed round the world sailing race. It is regarded as the toughest sailing race, requiring high cognitive functioning and constant alertness. Little is known about the amount of sleep restriction and nutritional deficit experienced at sea and effects that fatigue have on sailors\' performance. This report aimed to investigate these aspects by monitoring one of the female participants of the latest Vendée Globe. Sleep, food intake and stress were self-reported daily using specific app. Cognitive assessments were digitally completed. Heart rate and activity intensity were measured using a wrist-worn wearable device. Mean self-report sleep duration per 24 h was 3 hours 40 minutes. By the end of the 95 race days, the sailor reached a caloric deficit of 27,900 kcal. On average, the sailor spent 50 minutes per day in moderate-to-vigorous activity. Cognitive assessments did not show any effect of fatigue or stress on completion time or performance. Recent technological and communication advancement for offshore sailors, enabled continuous data to be monitored in near real time, even from the Southern Ocean. Moving forward this will enable greater understanding of when sailors will be at risk of poor decision making, illness or injury.

Hand injuries from surfing tend to be severe and require medical attention. Follow-up of a surfing injury is difficult because many patients are visiting and go home after treatment. We report a case of a surfing hand injury sustained abroad, which was treated upon the patient\'s return, allowing for follow-up. The mechanism of injury was traction and torsion from the surfboard leash while surfing. The patient was initially treated for nailbed injury but presented later back home after persistent pain, for which an unstable distal phalanx fracture in their right ring finger was found by x-ray. This was surgically reduced with K-wire insertion and nailbed repair. Postoperatively, the injured finger was kept in a splint, and the patient had physiotherapy. Pain was significantly reduced, and the patient regained sufficient function. Considering a fracture as a differential for finger injury caused by the surfboard leash may prevent management delays. Injury may be prevented through education and redesign of the surfboard leash.

Shoulder pain is one of the most common musculoskeletal problems of the world\'s population. In particular, in water polo athletes, the frequency of injuries or pain to this joint is very high. The incidence of psychosocial factors in musculoskeletal pain is well recognized, even if they seem to be more present in chronic pain, rather than in acute pain.
The patient was a semi-professional water polo player with acute shoulder pain which occurred during a game. At first, the pain was very mild, but it progressively got worse after the visit to the casualty department where, even in the absence of any confirmed structural lesions, the patient is ordered to refrain from any active movements. The patient became worried, so his anxiety levels increased which worsened his symptoms. The physiotherapist opted for a \"hands-off/hands-on approach\".
Significative improvements were observed in all the considered outcome measures, the patient obtained complete recovery in a very short period of time and then he was able to return to his sport.
Psychosocial factors such as anxiety, fear and catastrophizing can modulate pain responses in a subject without structural problems. Thus, counseling and education in pain science can be an effective therapeutic method, especially with conditions of acute, as well as chronic, pain.
4.

A 24-year-old competitive rower suffered a severe road injury to the medial aspect of his knee. He was referred to us for a partial joint transplantation consisting of a medial tibiofemoral fresh osteochondral allograft (FOCA), medial collateral ligament, meniscal allograft, and osteotomy. Two years after reconstruction, the patient won a bronze medal in the Summer Paralympics. At the 6-year follow-up, he demonstrates excellent clinical and radiographic outcomes and high satisfaction.
For extensive knee injuries with large, complex defects, FOCA with concomitant meniscal allograft transplantation, ligamentous allograft, and osteotomy may be considered in high-demand athletes who wish to return to play.

Surfer\'s myelopathy is non-traumatic spinal cord injury which develops in beginner surfers. The patient was a 17-year-old female who developed severe paraplegia with bilateral sensory dysfunction below the groin and bladder/rectal dysfunctions after her first surfing lesson. A spinal-cord MRI performed six hours after onset revealed an intramedullary hyperintensity area from T8 to the conus medullaris on the T2 weighted images. Expansion of this hyperintensity area was observed on Day 3 and showed a reduction on Day 8. After providing intravenous methylpredonisolone, intravenous glycerol and intravenous edaravone, motor function and bladder/rectal functions began to improve after approximately three weeks. In this study, the expansion of the lesion in the early stages of the disease course was observed by sequential spinal MRI. Furthermore, a time lag between improvement according to imaging and improvement in symptoms was also observed.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate similarities and differences for 18 sports toward canoe/kayak in order to identify donorsport and/or multisports, based upon a systematic analysis of the task constraints per sport that are assumed to be either crucial or less important from the coaches\' viewpoint.
METHODS: Descriptive survey analysis.
METHODS: 891 certified coaches from 19 sports valued (0-10; not important at all-very important) 15 characteristics by a questionnaire (Flemish Sports Compass) within their sport. Unique sport-profiles (discriminant analysis - DA) were constructed for 19 sports based on these characteristics. Similarities and differences between canoe/kayak and the other 18 sports were analyzed by means of MANOVAs on anthropometric, physical and motor coordination characteristics.
RESULTS: Cross validated DA (rcan=0.660, Wilks\' Lambda=0.564, p<0.001) showed that 72.1% of the canoe/kayak coaches were correctly assigned to their sport. For canoe/kayak seven characteristics were valued crucial; dynamic balance (8.51±1.69), core stability (8.45±2.27), pulling power (8.12±1.68), speed (7.54±2.07), endurance (7.27±2.03), stature (6.43±1.41) and rhythm (6.01±3.01). Least important characteristics were: flexibility (6.16±1.75), agility (4.27±3.10), catching (3.90±3.22), climbing (2.45±3.05), jumping (1.81±2.11), throwing (1.60±2.24), hitting (.94±1.77) and kicking (.61±1.04).
CONCLUSIONS: This novel approach to determine important characteristics per sport makes identifying similarities and differences between sports possible. Similarities might enlarge talent-pools for possible talent transfers. Differences can help identify sports based on complementary characteristics for the construction of broad motor development programs. From this viewpoint gymnastics can serve as potential donorsport (similarities) for canoe/kayak, while handball and tennis can subserve broad development for young canoe/kayak athletes.

A current trend in sailing sports is the use of boats equipped with hydrofoils, allowing the boats to \"fly\" over the water surface. In this situation, the handling of the boat requires fine coordination between the crew members to maintain the precarious flight. The purpose of this case study was to analyze the crew activity on a flying multihull and explore the role of the shared sport equipment in the emergence of coordination between crew members. Data were collected during a training session with a crew of expert sailors. A joint analysis of phenomenological and mechanical data was conducted. The aim of the analysis was to categorize the forms of interactions between crew members, boat and environment. Results showed that collective coordination in the studied situation involves six forms of interaction that are associated with stable, unstable or critical states of the flight. Consequently, we discussed the role played by the crew members, the behavior of the boat and the environment in the collective coordination.

暂无摘要。

暂无摘要。