身体活动对许多身体和心理健康结果的健康影响是有据可查的(1)。尽管在1998-2018年(2,3)的几乎所有人口和地区分组中,在闲暇时间满足有氧和肌肉强化体力活动指南(指南)*(1)的美国成年人比例有希望增加,按农村和美国人口普查局地区划分的差异(东北部,中西部,南,和西方),坚持(4)。在2020年之前,对城乡差异的分析被分为非大都市地区(农村)和大都市地区(城市);然而,在2020年,国家健康访谈调查(NHIS)公共使用数据集中纳入了用于对城乡状况进行分类的四类城乡变量*。NHIS2020年的数据被用来进行多元逻辑回归分析,通过城乡状况和美国人口普查局地区的患病率满足有氧,肌肉加强,以及18岁以上成年人闲暇时间的有氧和肌肉强化综合指南,控制人口特征。遇到有氧运动的患病率,肌肉加强,在非大都市县,有氧和肌肉强化综合指南一直是最低的(38.2%,21.1%,16.1%,分别)和西部地区最高(52.1%,35.3%,和28.5%,分别)。无论城乡分类和地区,不超过28%的成年人符合有氧和肌肉强化联合指南.大多数农村地区的成年人参加有氧运动的可能性大大降低,肌肉加强,和综合指南在其他三个类别中的每个类别中都比成人(调整后比值比[aOR]范围=0.68-0.89).此外,与两个最主要的城市类别(aOR范围=0.85-0.89)的成年人相比,中小城市县的成年人符合指南的可能性较小.东北的成年人中西部,与西部地区的成年人相比,美国南部人口普查局地区满足指南要求的可能性较低(aOR范围=0.75-0.82).这些分析确定了休闲时间体育活动中的地理差异,其中重点人群水平的干预努力可以帮助减少或消除慢性病中随之而来的差异(例如,心血管疾病)和由此产生的死亡率(5,6)。
The healthful effects of physical activity on a multitude of physical and mental health outcomes are well documented (1). Despite promising increases in the percentage of U.S. adults meeting aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activity
guidelines (
guidelines)* (1) during leisure time in nearly all demographic and regional subgroups 1998-2018 (2,3), differences by rurality and U.S. Census Bureau region (Northeast, Midwest, South, and West), persist (4). Before 2020, analyses of rural-urban differences were dichotomized into nonmetropolitan (rural) versus metropolitan (urban) areas; however, in 2020 a four-category rural-urban variable† to classify rural-urban status was included in the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) public-use dataset. NHIS 2020 data were used to conduct multivariate logistic regression analyses by rural-urban status and U.S. Census Bureau region of the prevalence of meeting the aerobic, muscle-strengthening, and combined aerobic and muscle-strengthening guidelines during leisure time among adults aged ≥18 years, controlling for demographic characteristics. Prevalence of meeting the aerobic, muscle-strengthening, and combined aerobic and muscle-strengthening guidelines was consistently the lowest in Nonmetropolitan counties (38.2%, 21.1%, and 16.1%, respectively) and highest in the West region (52.1%, 35.3%, and 28.5%, respectively). Regardless of rural-urban classification and region, no more than 28% of adults met combined aerobic and muscle-strengthening
guidelines. Adults in the most rural category were significantly less likely to meet aerobic, muscle-strengthening, and combined guidelines than were adults in each of the three other categories (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] range = 0.68-0.89). In addition, adults in medium and small metropolitan counties were less likely to meet
guidelines than were adults in the two most urban categories (aOR range = 0.85-0.89). Adults in the Northeast, Midwest, and South U.S. Census Bureau regions were less likely to meet
guidelines than were adults in the West region (aOR range = 0.75-0.82). These analyses identify geographic disparities in leisure-time physical activity where focused population-level intervention efforts could help reduce or eliminate the consequent disparities in chronic conditions (e.g., cardiovascular diseases) and the resulting mortality (5,6).