背景:Azygos静脉动脉瘤(AVA)极为罕见。多数患者无明显临床症状,所以他们是通过体检或偶然发现的。可参考的临床治疗经验有限,并且没有明确的指南或研究证据来规范手术和介入治疗。这里,我们报道了1例特发性AVA患者,其肿瘤的三维重建在手术前完成.在三维重建的基础上,首次成功完成单孔胸腔镜切除AVA。总结以前报道的病例,为AVA患者的诊断和治疗提供指导。
方法:一名56岁男子因“吞咽困难”被转院。AVA的诊断是在增强计算机断层扫描后做出的,胃镜检查,纤维支气管镜检查,和三维重建。先天性虚弱或退行性变化导致静脉壁非常薄,AVA有破裂的风险。此外,病人有吞咽困难的症状,他接受了单孔胸腔镜手术。手术后,他的吞咽困难消失了.术后病理证实为血管瘤。患者术后3天出院,无任何并发症。
结论:AVA是罕见的。术前三维重建可以极大地帮助外科医生明确疾病诊断,制定手术计划,避免损伤周围的重要器官,减少术中出血。胸腔镜手术切除AVA难度大,出血风险高,而微创单孔胸腔镜手术治疗AVA也是安全有效的。
BACKGROUND: Azygos vein aneurysms (AVAs) are extremely rare. The majority of patients have no obvious clinical symptoms, so they are found by physical examination or by chance. There is limited clinical treatment experience that can be referred to, and there are no clear guidelines or research evidence standardizing the surgical and interventional therapy. Here, we report a patient with idiopathic AVA whose three-dimensional reconstruction of the tumor was completed before surgery. On the basis of three-dimensional reconstruction, single-port thoracoscopic resection of the AVA was successfully completed and reported for the first time. The previously reported cases are summarized to provide guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with AVAs.
METHODS: A 56-year-old man was transferred to our hospital due to \"dysphagia\". The diagnosis of AVA was made after enhanced computed tomography, gastroscopy, fiberoptic bronchoscopy, and three-dimensional reconstruction. Congenital weakness or degenerative changes causes the vein walls to be extremely thin that the AVA had the risk of ruptur. Furthermore, the patient had symptoms of dysphagia, he received single-port thoracoscopic surgery. After the operation, his dysphagia disappeared. The postoperative pathology confirmed hemangioma. The patient was discharged 3 days after surgery without any complications.
CONCLUSIONS: AVAs are rare. Preoperative three-dimensional reconstruction can greatly help surgeons clarify the disease diagnosis, formulate the surgical plan, avoid damage to the surrounding vital organs, and reduce intraoperative bleeding. Thoracoscopic surgery to remove AVAs is difficult and has a high risk of bleeding, while more minimally invasive single-port thoracoscopic surgery is also safe and effective for the treatment of AVAs.