背景:浪漫关系消失(RRD)与创伤后应激症状(PTSS)相关。RRD研究中的功能磁共振成像显示重叠的神经激活类似于创伤后应激障碍。这些研究结合了真实和假设的拒绝,缺乏上下文信息和对照组暴露于非RRD或DSM-5定义的创伤事件。
目的:我们研究了海马中的血氧水平依赖性(BOLD)激活,杏仁核,与其他创伤或非创伤应激源相比,RRD参与者的脑岛。
方法:经历RRD(n=36)的新兴成年人(平均年龄=21.54岁;女性=74.7%),DSM-5定义的创伤(身体和/或性侵犯:n=15),或非创伤性应激源(n=28)完成PTSS,抑郁症,童年创伤,一生的创伤暴露,和依恋措施。我们使用了国际情感图片系统的通用和定制版本来研究对指数-创伤相关刺激的反应。我们使用混合线性模型来评估组间差异,以及方差分析和斯皮尔曼相关性分析与BOLD激活相关的因素。
结果:与海马和杏仁核的中性刺激相比,指数创伤刺激之间的BOLD活性增加,DSM-5创伤组和RRD组之间无显著差异。童年的逆境,性取向,和依恋风格与BOLD激活变化相关。破碎特性(例如,启动状态)与海马和杏仁核的BOLD激活增加有关,在RRD组中。
结论:RRD应被视为潜在的创伤性事件。分手特征是将RRD视为创伤的危险因素。
结论:未来的研究应该考虑更多不同性别的代表性,种族,和性取向。
BACKGROUND: Romantic relationship dissolutions (RRDs) are associated with posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Functional magnetic resonance imaging in RRD studies indicate overlapping neural activation similar to posttraumatic stress disorder. These studies combine real and hypothetical rejection, and lack contextual information and control and/or comparison groups exposed to non-RRD or DSM-5 defined traumatic events.
OBJECTIVE: We investigated blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) activation in the hippocampus, amygdala, and insula of participants with RRDs compared with other traumatic or non-trauma stressors.
METHODS: Emerging adults (mean age = 21.54 years; female = 74.7 %) who experienced an RRD (n = 36), DSM-5 defined trauma (physical and/or sexual assault: n = 15), or a non-RRD or DSM-5 stressor (n = 28) completed PTSS, depression, childhood trauma, lifetime trauma exposure, and attachment measures. We used a general and customised version of the International Affective Picture System to investigate responses to index-trauma-related stimuli. We used mixed linear models to assess between-group differences, and ANOVAs and Spearman\'s correlations to analyse factors associated with BOLD activation.
RESULTS: BOLD activity increased between index-trauma stimuli as compared to neutral stimuli in the hippocampus and amygdala, with no significant difference between the DSM-5 Trauma and RRD groups. Childhood adversity, sexual orientation, and attachment style were associated with BOLD activation changes. Breakup characteristics (e.g., initiator status) were associated with increased BOLD activation in the hippocampus and amygdala, in the RRD group.
CONCLUSIONS: RRDs should be considered as potentially traumatic events. Breakup characteristics are risk factors for experiencing RRDs as traumatic.
CONCLUSIONS: Future studies should consider more diverse representation across sex, ethnicity, and sexual orientation.