未经证实:布鲁氏菌病与世界范围内的大规模牲畜生产损失和人类发病率有关。尽管在这些社区中存在高度的人与动物的相互作用,但由于缺乏有关暴露的患病率和危险因素的数据,在牧民社区中控制布鲁氏菌病的努力受到限制。这项研究同时评估了同一家庭中牧民及其牲畜之间布鲁氏菌病的血清阳性率和相关暴露因素。
UNASSIGNED:我们在肯尼亚马萨比特县的牧民社区进行了一项横断面研究。共有1074名妇女和225名儿童参加并提供了血液样本。还从1,876只山羊中抽血,322只绵羊和189只骆驼。收集血液样品以使用间接IgG酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)试剂盒筛选抗布氏杆菌IgG抗体的存在。Further,个人,使用结构化问卷获取家庭和群体水平的流行病学信息。使用Pearson卡方检验比较组间差异,并且p值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。使用行政病房作为随机效应的广义混合效应多变量逻辑人和动物模型用于确定与结果相关的变量。
未经评估:家庭水平血清阳性为12.7%(95%CI:10.7-14.8)。个体人类血清阳性率为10.8%(9.1-12.6),女性的血清阳性率高于儿童(12.4vs.3.1%,p<0.001)。个体动物的群水平血清阳性率分别为26.1%(23.7-28.7)和19.2%(17.6-20.8)。山羊的血清阳性率最高,为23.1%(21.2-25.1),其次是绵羊6.8%(4.3-10.2)和骆驼1.1%(0.1-3.8)。山羊和绵羊的暴露风险较高,OR=3.8(95%CI2.4-6.7,p<0.001)和2.8(1.2-5.6,p<0.007),分别相对于骆驼。人和动物血清阳性率显着相关(OR=1.8,[95CI:1.23-2.58],p=0.002)。牛群血清阳性率因户主教育(OR=2.45,[1.67-3.61,p<0.001])和牛群规模(1.01,[1.00-1.01],p<0.001)。
UNASSIGNED:当前的研究表明,布鲁氏菌病在这种牧民环境中是地方性流行的,并且在家庭水平上,动物和人类布鲁氏菌病血清阳性之间存在显着关联,这代表了潜在的职业风险。需要公共卫生敏感性和持续的人和动物布鲁氏菌病筛查。
UNASSIGNED: Brucellosis is associated with massive livestock production losses and human morbidity worldwide. Efforts to control brucellosis among pastoralist communities are limited by scarce data on the prevalence and risk factors for exposure despite the high human-animal interactions in these communities. This
study simultaneously assessed the seroprevalence of brucellosis and associated factors of exposure among pastoralists and their livestock in same households.
UNASSIGNED: We conducted a cross-sectional
study in pastoralist communities in Marsabit County - Kenya. A total of 1,074 women and 225 children participated and provided blood samples. Blood was also drawn from 1,876 goats, 322 sheep and 189 camels. Blood samples were collected to be screened for the presence of anti-Brucella IgG antibodies using indirect IgG Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kits. Further, Individual, household and herd-level epidemiological information were captured using a structured questionnaire. Group differences were compared using the Pearson\'s Chi-square test, and p-values < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Generalized mixed-effects multivariable logistic human and animal models using administrative ward as the random effect was used to determine variables correlated to the outcome.
UNASSIGNED: Household-level seropositivity was 12.7% (95% CI: 10.7-14.8). The individual human seroprevalence was 10.8% (9.1-12.6) with higher seroprevalence among women than children (12.4 vs. 3.1%, p < 0.001). Herd-level seroprevalence was 26.1% (23.7-28.7) and 19.2% (17.6-20.8) among individual animals. Goats had the highest seroprevalence 23.1% (21.2 - 25.1), followed by sheep 6.8% (4.3-10.2) and camels 1.1% (0.1-3.8). Goats and sheep had a higher risk of exposure OR = 3.8 (95% CI 2.4-6.7, p < 0.001) and 2.8 (1.2-5.6, p < 0.007), respectively relative to camels. Human and animal seroprevalence were significantly associated (OR = 1.8, [95%CI: 1.23-2.58], p = 0.002). Herd seroprevalence varied by household head education (OR = 2.45, [1.67-3.61, p < 0.001]) and herd size (1.01, [1.00-1.01], p < 0.001).
UNASSIGNED: The current
study showed evidence that brucellosis is endemic in this pastoralist setting and there is a significant association between animal and human brucellosis seropositivity at household level representing a potential occupational risk. Public health sensitization and sustained human and animal brucellosis screening are required.