高质量的心理健康和社会心理支持(MHPSS)指南对于解决灾难的心理健康后果的政策和实践是必不可少的。这一贡献补充了评估13种MHPSS指南方法学质量的审查。我们分析了四个排名最高的指南的内容,并探讨了减少灾害风险(DRR)的含义。进行了定性的探索性主题分析。事实证明,这四个准则在很大程度上相似,在MHPSS定义中重叠或至少互补,准则的明确目的,用户组和目标群体,术语,和使用的模型。在所有准则中都找到了许多建议的MHPSS措施和干预措施,可以分为五类:基本救济,信息提供,情感和社会支持,实际支持,和医疗保健。准则强调监测需求和问题的重要性,评估服务交付的效果,深思熟虑的执行和准备,以及在适当条件下的投资和跨行业的有效协调,机构,和部门。指南中嵌入的MHPSS知识库是全面的,连贯,并且具有足够的普遍性,可以作为被认为缺失的“总体框架”,但对于将MHPSS方法集成到DRR中至关重要。尽管应用程序上下文在地理上不同,这种共同点应该允许全球决策者和从业者进行计划,工具,并评估对DRR有贡献的MHPSS行动,理想情况下,与目标群体一起。
High quality mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS)
guidelines are indispensable for policy and practice to address the mental health consequences of disasters. This contribution complements a review that assessed the methodological quality of 13 MHPSS
guidelines. We analyzed the content of the four highest-ranking
guidelines and explored implications for disaster risk reduction (DRR). A qualitative explorative thematic analysis was conducted. The four guidelines proved largely similar, overlapping or at least complementary in their MHPSS definitions, stated purpose of the
guidelines, user and target groups, terminology, and models used. Many recommended MHPSS measures and interventions were found in all of the guidelines and could be assigned to five categories: basic relief, information provision, emotional and social support, practical support, and health care. The
guidelines stress the importance of monitoring needs and problems, evaluating the effect of service delivery, deliberate implementation and preparation, and investments in proper conditions and effective coordination across professions, agencies, and sectors. The MHPSS knowledge base embedded in the guidelines is comprehensive, coherent, and sufficiently universal to serve as the \"overarching framework\" considered missing yet vital for the integration of MHPSS approaches in DRR. Although application contexts differ geographically, this common ground should allow policymakers and practitioners globally to plan, implement, and evaluate MHPSS actions contributing to DRR, ideally together with target groups.