Primary endometrial squamous cell carcinoma (PESCC) is a rare malignant tumor. To investigate the clinical and pathological features of PESCC, two cases of PESCC in Fujian Maternal and Child Health Hospital were retrospectively studied and the literatures were reviewed. Both of the two cases were menopausal women aged 57-62 years, clinically presenting with \"vaginal discharge\". Case 1 was a non-keratinising squamous cell carcinoma with high-risk HPV infection. Tumor infiltrated in deep myometrium with multifocal intravascular thrombus and macro metastases to one pelvic lymph node (1/15) and abdominal aortic lymph node (1/1). Lung metastasis occurred 36 months after the surgery. After surgical resection and without postoperative supplemental therapy, the patient remained tumor-free for 110 months to date. Case 2 had a history of breast cancer for 5 years and long-term intake of aromatase inhibitor drugs without HPV infection. It was a keratinized squamous cell carcinoma. Tumor also infiltrated in deep myometrium with multifocal intravascular thrombus and one pelvic lymph node metastasis (1/18), However, no metastasis was seen elsewhere. To date, the patient survived for 16 months without tumor after surgery. Both of the two cases expressed squamous epithelial markers P40, P63, and CK5/6, but neither expressed PAX8 or PR. Case 1 had diffuse expression of P16, wild-type P53, and ER-negative. Case 2 had negative P16, mutant P53, and focal positive ER. PESCC is often associated with HPV infection and low estrogen levels. However, studies in the literatures have found that P16 expression is not always consistent with HPV infection, indicating that PESCC cannot be easily classified as HPV-associated or non-dependent like cervical cancer. There are two main patterns of P16 and P53 expression, P16-positive/P53 wild-type and P16-negative/P53-mutant, but no positive expression of both has been seen so far. It is worth noting that we reported the second case of PESCC with a history of breast cancer, where the patient had been taking the oral aromatase inhibitor drug (exemestane) for a long period of time to reduce the estrogen level, indicating the low estrogen level may be also a key factor in the pathogenesis of PESCC.

UNASSIGNED: Although tuberculosis (TB) of the central nervous system is quite common, tuberculous pyogenic ventriculitis is not only rare; it is a devastating disease in an immunocompetent patient if left untreated.
UNASSIGNED: We present the case of a 43-year-old man who underwent successful treatment for tuberculous pyogenic ventriculitis that presented with meningeal syndrome and loss of consciousness.
UNASSIGNED: Tuberculous pyogenic ventriculitis is a rare manifestation of intracranial tuberculous infection. Despite advances in imaging techniques, the diagnosis of intraventricular TB is essentially biological.

Primary breast lymphoma (PBL) is a rare malignant lymphoid neoplasm limited to the breast, accounting for about 0.15% of all malignant breast tumors and 1.7% to 2.2% of extra-nodal lymphomas. PBL must be distinguished from conventional breast carcinomas due to different therapeutic approaches. A 25-year-old female presented with a left breast mass. Histopathology and immunohistochemical tests confirmed the diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). She had no similar lesions elsewhere in the body. She received 1 cycle of R-CHOP chemotherapy but absconded from the treatment and succumbed afterward while at home. Recent developments in DLBCL treatment have greatly improved patient outcomes by incorporating targeted medicines like rituximab, increased chemotherapy regimens, new drugs, and individualized treatment techniques. PBL appears to have a worse prognosis; thus, delay or abscondment from treatment is of serious concern when it comes to improving the prognosis of patients with PBL.

Of all primary bladder cancers, primary adenocarcinoma is an uncommon tumor. When considering all tumor origin areas, secondary bladder involvement from carcinoma, whether by direct extension or metastasis, is actually more prevalent than primary adenocarcinoma, despite its rarity. The most common source of subsequent bladder tumors is endometrial, lung, colon, prostate, breast, or other organ adenocarcinomas. Primary bladder adenocarcinoma is thought to result from urothelial metaplasia, which is frequently linked to persistent irritation or inflammation. Bladder exstrophy, recurrent urinary tract infections, long-term irritation from calculi or foreign bodies, and history of schistosomiasis are risk factors. A portion of these malignancies are associated with urachal remnants, where the tumor originates at the dome of bladder. Here we present a case of primary adenocarcinoma in a 44-year-old female patient that originated from the dome of urinary bladder.

Meckel\'s cave is a dural recess in the posteromedial portion of the middle cranial fossa, serving as a conduit for the trigeminal nerve and hosting various pathologies. The radiological diagnosis of Meckel\'s cave pathologies is often challenging, especially when they are atypical and rarely encountered. Here, we discuss the case of a 41-year-old woman who presented with right hemifacial pain, numbness, and binocular diplopia. Imaging features suggested a T2 hypointense, T1 hyperintense, and nonenhancing mass in the right Meckel\'s cave. Intraoperatively, an extra-axial black mass was observed, suggestive of melanoma, which was radically excised. Further postoperative workup and biopsy revealed it was a primary central nervous system (CNS) malignant melanoma, an exceedingly rare condition. Due to the rarity of the disease, a consensus regarding treatment regimens is lacking. This case report underscores the significance of considering uncommon diagnoses when faced with unusual radiological findings and emphasizes the importance of aggressive surgical resection and the evolving landscape of adjuvant treatments for primary CNS melanomas.

UNASSIGNED: Angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (AFH) is a clinically rare, low-grade malignant soft tissue tumor that occasionally metastasizes. It accounts for 0.3% of all soft tissue tumors and most frequently occurs in the extremities, followed by the trunk, and the head and neck. Primary angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (PAFH) of the pulmonary bronchus is rare. In this paper, the clinical and imaging data of a case of PAFH of the pulmonary bronchus are reported, and the literature is reviewed.
UNASSIGNED: A 57-year-old female patient presented with a six-month history of cough without apparent cause, characterized by paroxysmal dry cough, chest tightness, and shortness of breath, which worsened with activity. She did not experience fever, chills, chest pain, hemoptysis, or night sweats. Laboratory tests revealed an elevated C-reactive protein and ferritin levels, while tumor markers such as AFP, CEA, CA199, CA125, CA50, and T-SPOT were negative. A chest CT scan showed bronchial obstruction, atelectasis, and a soft tissue density in the right middle lobe of the lung. The enhanced scan demonstrated uneven enhancement of endobronchial nodules. An 18F-FDG PET/CT scan revealed a nodular soft tissue density shadow in the right lung bronchus with uneven density, clear boundaries, and increased 18F-FDG uptake, with a maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) of 11.2. Bronchoscopy revealed a nodular or polypoid mass that was yellow and tough. Based on imaging findings, the preoperative diagnosis favored lung cancer. However, the postoperative pathological diagnosis confirmed primary angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (PAFH) of the pulmonary bronchus.
UNASSIGNED: The incidence of primary angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma (PAFH) is very low, and its clinical manifestations and imaging findings lack specificity, with the final diagnosis relying on pathology. PET/CT imaging has a certain value in the diagnosis of PAFH and holds significant application value in preoperative staging, postoperative efficacy evaluation, and follow-up monitoring. In conclusion, this case report further expands the spectrum of lung and bronchial tumors.

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UNASSIGNED: Hydatid cysts (HC) are zoonotic diseases that are mainly caused by Echinococcus granulosus. Ovarian HC is a rare condition with different and unspecified presentations. Here we report a rare case of primary ovarian HC.
UNASSIGNED: A 47-year-old woman with chronic abdominal pain and left hemipelvic fullness was referred to the Obstetrics Clinic of the Kowsar Hospital of Qazvin. Abdominopelvic sonography revealed a cystic mass, which primarily suggested a cyst adenoma. The tumor marker levels were within normal limits. After surgical resection, histopathological examination showed a cystic mass with dimensions of 10×6×3 cm, smooth external and internal aspects, wall thickness of 0.3 cm, and multiple pieces of irregular gray membranous tissue. The patient was treated with albendazole 3 months after surgery, and a 6-month follow-up sonogram revealed no signs of recurrence.
UNASSIGNED: HC has non-specific presentations. Radiologists, pathologists, and surgeons should consider HC as a differential diagnosis for any cystic mass in the pelvic cavity, especially in endemic areas. Surgical resection and albendazole administration are the chosen treatments.
UNASSIGNED: Echinokokkuszysten (EZ) sind Zoonosen, die hauptsächlich durch Echinococcus granulosus verursacht werden. Echinokokkuszysten im Eierstock sind eine seltene Erkrankung mit unterschiedlichen, unspezifischen Präsentationen. In diesem Bericht stellen wir einen seltenen Fall einer primären Echinokokkuszyste im Eierstock vor.
UNASSIGNED: Eine 47-jährige Frau mit chronischen Bauchschmerzen und einer gefüllten linken Becken wurde in die Geburtsklinik des Kowsar-Krankenhauses in Qazvin überwiesen. Die abdominale Sonographie zeigte eine zystische Masse, die zunächst auf ein Zystadenom hindeutete. Die Tumormarkerwerte lagen aber im normalen Bereich. Nach chirurgischer Resektion zeigte die histopathologische Untersuchung eine zystische außen und innen glatte Masse mit Abmessungen von 10×6×3 cm, einer Wanddicke von 0,3 cm und mehreren Stücken unregelmäßigen grauen membranösen Gewebes. Die Patientin erhielt 3 Monate nach der Operation eine Behandlung mit Albendazol; die 6-monatige Nachuntersuchung per Ultraschall ergab keine Anzeichen für ein Rezidiv.
UNASSIGNED: Echinokokkuszysten zeigen unspezifische Symptome. Radiologen, Pathologen und Chirurgen sollten EZ als differenzialdiagnostische Möglichkeit für jede zystische Masse im Beckenraum in Betracht ziehen, insbesondere in endemischen Gebieten. Chirurgische Resektion und die Verabreichung von Albendazol sind die bevorzugten Behandlungen.

Field cancerization is the phenomenon that classically describes the occurrence of multiple primary malignancies in the head and neck subsites, either synchronous or metachronous. It\'s unusual to come across synchronous primaries, that too three at a time. Here is a patient who presented to us with triple primary squamous cell carcinomas involving the floor of the mouth, base of the tongue, and glottis at the same time…….

Extensive studies are required to understand the behavior as well as prognosis of SS in the colorectal region. IHC staining is essential for the accurate diagnosis when a lesion is encountered at an unusual site.