泰国是全球微塑料污染的第六大贡献者,塑料的大量使用加剧了这种情况。尽管人们越来越担心,在泰国,目前尚无关于微塑料污染及其潜在风险的全面审查.这篇评论综合了118份同行评审出版物(2017-2024年)中有关该国微塑料丰度和特征的数据。我们发现甲壳类动物中主要存在微塑料(1.69至160.15项/g),其次是软体动物(0.03至9.5项目/g)和鱼类(0.01至28.17项目/g),废水的丰度(4×102至6.09×105项目/m3)高于淡水(1.44至2.92×106项目/m3)和海水(2.70×10-1至6.25×104项目/m3)。海洋沉积物(48.3至2.13×104项/kg)的微塑料浓度也明显高于陆地沉积物(3至2.92×103项/kg)。主要的微塑料被确定为纤维(生物和环境样品为59.36%和35.05%,分别)和片段(24.14%,30.68%)蓝色(25.95%,18.64%),和无色/透明(20.01%,14.47%),主要由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(19.46%,9.19%),尼龙(3.23%,9.99%),聚丙烯(19.78%,24.23%),和聚乙烯(14.81%,11.66%)。除废水外,所有生态系统的潜在生态风险均较低。与该地区的其他研究相比,虾和鱼更容易受到微塑料的影响。此外,的来源,运输,讨论了泰国水生地区微塑料污染的途径以及政府为解决塑料污染而实施的当前措施和政策。这篇综述汇编了关于患病率的最新见解,分布,以及与微塑料相关的风险,这有助于制定有效的污染物控制策略,并最终减少塑料污染。
Thailand ranks as the sixth largest contributor to global microplastic pollution, which is exacerbated by extensive plastic use. Despite rising concerns, no comprehensive review is available on microplastic contamination and its potential risk in Thailand. This review synthesised data on microplastic abundance and characteristics within the country from 118 peer-reviewed publications (2017-2024). We found predominant microplastic presence in crustaceans (1.69-160.15 items/g), followed by Mollusca (0.03-9.5 items/g) and fishes (0.01-28.17 items/g), with higher abundances in wastewater (4 × 102 to 6.09 × 105 items/m3) compared to that in freshwater (1.44-2.92 × 106 items/m3) and seawater (2.70 × 10-1 to 6.25 × 104 items/m3). Marine sediments (48.3-2.13 × 104 items/kg) also showed significantly higher microplastic concentrations than terrestrial sediments (3-2.92 × 103 items/kg). Predominant microplastics were identified as fibers (59.36% and 35.05% for biological and environmental samples, respectively) and fragments (24.14%, 30.68%) in blue (25.95%, 18.64%), and colourless/transparent (20.01%, 14.47%), primarily composed of polyethylene terephthalate (19.46%, 9.19%), nylon (3.23%, 9.99%), polypropylene (19.78%, 24.23%), and polyethylene (14.81%, 11.66%). The potential ecological risk was low in all ecosystems except for wastewater. Shrimp and fish were more susceptible to microplastics compared to other studies in the region. Additionally, the sources, transport, and pathways of microplastic pollution in Thailand\'s aquatic territories and the current measures and policies implemented by the government to address plastic pollution are discussed. This review has compiled up-to-date insights into the prevalence, distribution, and risks associated with microplastics, which is instrumental in formulating effective strategies for contaminant control and ultimately reducing plastic pollution.