Pilomatrixoma,也被称为Malherbe钙化上皮瘤,是一种起源于毛囊基质细胞的罕见良性皮肤肿瘤。它通常作为一家公司,无痛皮下结节,最常见于头部,脖子,和上肢。Pilomatrixoma偶尔会出现在不典型的位置,由于其非特异性临床表现,构成了诊断挑战。一名43岁的女性出现了无痛,她左脚踝外侧的肿块慢慢扩大,已经存在了大约一年。体检显示,界限清楚的皮下结节,直径约2厘米,正常覆盖皮肤。左脚踝的MRI显示界限清楚,具有不同信号强度的皮下肿块,与钙化一致,提示毛结肠瘤.细针穿刺活检证实了基底细胞的存在,阴影细胞,和钙化区域。手术切除了病灶,和组织病理学检查证实了毛心房瘤的诊断。病人术后进展顺利,在6个月的随访中没有复发。该病例强调了在皮下结节的鉴别诊断中考虑毛房瘤的重要性,即使在不寻常的地方。全面的诊断方法,包括临床评估,成像,和组织病理学检查,对准确诊断至关重要。切缘清晰的手术切除是首选治疗方法,确保低复发率和良好的患者预后。本报告增强了对毛心房瘤的理解,并强调了有效管理这种罕见疾病的多模式诊断策略的必要性。
Pilomatrixoma, also known as calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe, is a rare benign skin tumor originating from hair follicle matrix cells. It typically presents as a firm, painless subcutaneous nodule, most commonly found in the head, neck, and upper extremities.
Pilomatrixoma can occasionally appear in atypical locations, posing a diagnostic challenge due to its nonspecific clinical presentation. A 43-year-old female presented with a painless, slowly enlarging mass on the lateral side of her left ankle, which had been present for approximately one year. Physical examination revealed a firm, well-circumscribed subcutaneous nodule measuring about 2 cm in diameter with normal overlying skin. An MRI of the left ankle demonstrated a well-circumscribed, subcutaneous mass with heterogeneous signal intensity, consistent with calcifications, suggesting pilomatrixoma. A fine-needle aspiration biopsy confirmed the presence of basaloid cells, shadow cells, and areas of calcification. The lesion was surgically excised, and histopathological examination validated the diagnosis of
pilomatrixoma. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course, with no recurrence at the six-month follow-up. This
case underscores the importance of considering
pilomatrixoma in the differential diagnosis of subcutaneous nodules, even in unusual locations. A comprehensive diagnostic approach, including clinical evaluation, imaging, and histopathological examination, is essential for an accurate diagnosis. Surgical excision with clear margins is the treatment of choice, ensuring low recurrence rates and excellent patient outcomes. This report enhances the understanding of
pilomatrixoma and highlights the necessity for a multimodal diagnostic strategy in managing this rare condition effectively.