小脑以其控制运动行为的作用而闻名。然而,最近的工作支持这样的观点,即它也会影响非运动行为。小脑对不同的大脑功能的贡献,强调了它参与各种各样的和越来越多的神经和神经精神疾病,包括共济失调,肌张力障碍,特发性震颤,帕金森病(PD),癫痫,中风,多发性硬化症,自闭症谱系障碍,诵读困难,注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD),和精神分裂症。虽然这些情况没有治愈方法,小脑刺激迅速引起人们对症状缓解的关注,小脑电路已经成为侵入性和非侵入性神经调节的有希望的目标。这篇共识论文汇集了神经生理学领域的专家,神经学,和神经外科,讨论最近使用小脑作为治疗干预的努力。我们报告了在人类和动物模型中操纵小脑回路的最先进技术,并定义了前进的关键障碍和问题。
The cerebellum is best known for its role in controlling motor behaviors. However, recent work supports the view that it also influences non-motor behaviors. The contribution of the cerebellum towards different brain functions is underscored by its involvement in a diverse and increasing number of neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions including ataxia, dystonia, essential tremor, Parkinson\'s disease (PD), epilepsy, stroke, multiple sclerosis, autism spectrum disorders, dyslexia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and schizophrenia. Although there are no cures for these conditions, cerebellar stimulation is quickly gaining attention for symptomatic alleviation, as cerebellar circuitry has arisen as a promising target for invasive and non-invasive neuromodulation. This
consensus paper brings together experts from the fields of neurophysiology, neurology, and neurosurgery to discuss recent efforts in using the cerebellum as a therapeutic intervention. We report on the most advanced techniques for manipulating cerebellar circuits in humans and animal models and define key hurdles and questions for moving forward.