Symptomatic nasopharyngeal cysts are relatively uncommon. Here is a case report of 50 years of age female with hearing loss secondary to the nasopharyngeal cyst. She underwent endoscopic marsupialization and achieved normal hearing postoperatively.The study aims to determine the incidence of hearing loss, radiological patterns and histopathological findings associated with the nasopharyngeal cyst.

BACKGROUND: A mucoid cyst is a benign lesion in the oral mucosa resulting from the rupture of a salivary gland duct and the subsequent discharge of mucin into the soft tissues. Mucoceles are more common in children and young adults, and the most common site is the lower inner lips.
UNASSIGNED: We describe 3 clinical cases managed in service between 2022 and 2023. Clinical cases are presented in order to detail their clinical history, paraclinical and treatment.
CONCLUSIONS: In general, mucoceles tend to resolve spontaneously, but can sometimes interfere with swallowing or speech. Therefore, in such cases, these lesions must be promptly diagnosed and treated. There are various methods of managing these lesions, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Surgical technique is preferable when the lesion is persistent, recurrent or symptomatic, and remains the most effective strategy, despite the existence of other, more modern techniques that are better tolerated by patients. But in all cases, follow-up is very important, especially when the mucocele is located in a particular area, such as the ventral side of the tongue, or in a younger population.

Objectives  This article reports the management of a case of a 32-year-old male who presented with progressive weakness in the lower limbs and spastic paraparesis secondary to an intramedullary arachnoid cyst (IMAC). For literature review, the authors used the phrase \"intramedullary arachnoid cyst\" in PubMed search engine. 23 articles describing cases with IMAC were included in this review, with a total of 26 patients. Materials and Methods  We report a case with long term recurrant intramedullary arachnoid cyst and present a review on spinal intramedullary arachnoid cyst. Result  IMAC is showing bimodal incidence and trending to occur below 10 years and after 30 years. However, rarely, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of intramedullary cystic lesions. Authors suggest doing laminoplasty or fusion for the pediatric patients to prevent kyphoscoliosis deformity in the long run, but doing early surgery to gain better outcome. Resection of the cyst wall should be done as much as possible; if it could not be achieved, then marsupialization or cysto-subarachnoid shunt should be considered. Aspiration alone or fenestration is not enough to eradicate the cyst. Long-term and prospective studies are recommended to achieve the best treatment options. Conclusion  Review supports early surgical treatment of symptomatic IMACs with resection of the cyst wall as much as possible.

Ameloblastoma is the most common benign odontogenic tumor with local invasion and high recurrence, which generally occurs in the jaw bones. Hypercalcemia is a common paraneoplastic syndrome that is commonly observed in patients with malignancies but rarely encountered in patients with benign tumors. Thus far, not many cases of ameloblastoma with hypercalcemia have been reported, and the pathogenic mechanism has not been studied in depth. This paper presents a case report of a 26-year-old male diagnosed with giant ameloblastoma of the mandible, accompanied by rare hypercalcemia. Additionally, a review of the relevant literature is conducted. This patient initially underwent marsupialization, yet this treatment was not effective, which indicated that the selection of the appropriate operation is of prime importance for improving the prognosis of patients with ameloblastoma. The tumor not only failed to shrink but gradually increased in size, accompanied by multiple complications including hypercalcemia, renal dysfunction, anemia, and cachexia. Due to the contradiction between the necessity of tumor resection and the patient\'s poor systemic condition, we implemented a multi-disciplinary team (MDT) meeting to better evaluate this patient\'s condition and design an individualized treatment strategy. The patient subsequently received a variety of interventions to improve the general conditions until he could tolerate surgery, and finally underwent the successful resection of giant ameloblastoma and reconstruction with vascularized fibular flap. No tumor recurrence or distance metastasis was observed during 5 years of follow-up. Additionally, the absence of hypercalcemia recurrence was also noted.

BACKGROUND: We report the case of a postmenopausal female with a hemorrhagic Bartholin\'s cyst who has been using an antiplatelet medication.
METHODS: A postmenopausal woman, 84 years of age, had a medical history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease (three-vessel disease), chronic kidney disease (stage 3), and dementia. The patient has been taking clopidogrel, an antiplatelet medication, for several years. She presented at our outpatient clinic complaining of painful swelling over her left vulva for several days. A Bartholin\'s cyst over the left vulva was suspected, and the patient underwent marsupialization under local anesthesia, which was well-tolerated. During the incision procedure, bright-red blood with some blood clots was discharged, and a hemorrhagic Bartholin\'s cyst was observed. There was no recurrence of the hemorrhagic Bartholin\'s cyst during the 6-mo subsequent follow-up period.
CONCLUSIONS: Hemorrhagic Bartholin\'s cysts rarely occur. We report the case of a postmenopausal female with a hemorrhagic Bartholin\'s cyst who had been on antiplatelets and was successfully treated with marsupialization. No recurrence was noted during the 6-mo follow-up period. Older females taking antiplatelets should be cautious of bleeding when presenting with a Bartholin\'s cyst.

OBJECTIVE: To study patients with spinal arachnoid cysts, who underwent cyst excision with dural defect repair or marsupialization, and their outcomes.
METHODS: The retrospective analysis involved reviewing the records of 38 patients who underwent surgical treatment for spinal arachnoid cysts in the Department of Neurosurgery at Christian Medical College, Vellore, between August 2004 and December 2022. The study examined the demographics, clinical presentation, imaging, surgical intervention, and outcomes of these patients.
RESULTS: The majority of patients in the study were male (29/38, with 76.3%) and the thoracic region was the most common location for the cyst (17, with 44.7%). Weakness was the primary complaint and 94.7% of patients had myelopathy. The bladder was affected in 13 patients (34.2%). Of the 38 patients, 26 (71%) had cysts in extradural locations, while the rest were intradural. In total, 45.5% of intradural cysts were located in the ventral region. Seventeen (65.4%) had dural defects along the root sleeve and 29 (76.3%) underwent complete excision. All extradural cysts underwent complete excision and repair of the dural defect. Thirty patients (78.9%) experienced improved outcomes with reduced spasticity and improved weakness. One patient developed new-onset weakness postoperatively due to epidural hematoma. The mean follow-up period was 41 months and one patient experienced a recurrence.
CONCLUSIONS: Spinal arachnoid cyst is a rare benign spinal condition that is typically treated with surgery in symptomatic patients. Surgical intervention may involve either the excision of the cyst or marsupialization.

Nasopalatine duct cyst (NPDC) is the most common nonodontogenic cyst originating from the epithelial remnants of the incisive canal in the maxilla. NPDC is treated with complete enucleation via a sublabial or transpalatal approach, and recently tranasnasal endoscopic marsupialization has been gradually used. However, in large and extensive cases, it is difficult to remove the cyst completely, and there is a high risk of postoperative complications, including oronasal fistula. Therefore, tranasnasal endoscopic marsupialization is recommended as an effective treatment modality. Herein, we report a case of a 49-year-old man with a very large NPDC with a maximum diameter of 58 mm. NPDC was successfully managed by transnasal endoscopic marsupialization under general anesthesia without any major problems. No postoperative complications or recurrence occurred until 12 months postoperatively. Transnasal endoscopic marsupialization for large NPDC is minimally invasive and useful.

Rathke\'s cleft cysts (RCCs) are sellar or suprasellar cystic lesions arising from the remnants of the embryological Rathke\'s pouch. When symptomatic, RCCs are usually treated surgically via marsupialization. Free mucosal graft (FMG) repair has shown promise in decreasing recurrence versus marsupialization alone. The authors present a case report with operative video of a patient with visual and endocrinological symptoms with a RCC treated with FMG following marsupialization. A search of the PubMed database from July 1997 through April 2022 was conducted using the terms \'Rathke\'s cleft cyst\', \'Rathke\'s cleft cyst management\', \'Rathke\'s cleft cyst repair\', \'mucosal graft\', \'mucosal coupling\', \'transsphenoidal\', and \'endoscopic endonasal\'. Clinical and pathological aspects of the case presented were compared with information obtained from literature review. A 25-year-old female presented with a six-year history of amenorrhea, one-year history of anemia, headaches, and progressive visual loss. Imaging revealed an RCC. The patient underwent surgical treatment via an endoscopic endonasal approach. Marsupialization was achieved with placement of an FMG to help prevent restenosis. Post-operative examination revealed that the patient\'s OD vision returned to normal, although her OS vision was only slightly improved. Our review of the English literature resulted in 35 full-length articles that were published between 1997 and 2022. The literature suggests that FMG prevents scar formation by allowing for adequate epithelialization, thus decreasing the recurrence rate and being well tolerated by patients. Our findings support the utility of the FMG as a superior surgical treatment option for RCC management.

Branchial cyst of the second pouch is the most common lesion of the nasopharyngeal lateral wall, generally localized between the pharyngeal wall and internal carotid artery. Cases consistent with such lesion, were collected. Symptomatic patients were treated with endoscopic trans-nasal marsupialisation, asymptomatic cases were followed-up. Among the 10 patients included, 4 were symptomatic and accordingly treated. In the literature, 36 cases were found, all of which were treated, most commonly with a total excision. Considering the benign nature of branchial nasopharyngeal cyst, its treatment should be tailored to each patient: endoscopic marsupialization in symptomatic lesion, follow-up in asymptomatic one. Laryngoscope, 132:1904-1908, 2022.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to describe active decompression and distraction sugosteogenesis as an alternative for the management of odontogenic cystic lesions. The technique, demographics, success rate, and complications will be presented.
METHODS: A retrospective case series study design was implemented. This included patients found in our database from 2015 to 2018 with a diagnosis of any odontogenic cyst, in whom active decompression with distraction sugosteogenesis was implemented. The patient\'s medical history, demographics, radiographic characteristics of the cyst, technique/device employed, complications, and rate of success were recorded.
RESULTS: The sample consisted of 10 patients, with a mean age of 19.6 years (range 14-34). Sixty percent of all cases occurred in male patients and 40% in females. Forty percent of cases were consistent with odontogenic keratocysts with all cysts presenting in the mandible. No maxillary cases were documented. Seventy percent of such lesions were unilocular and 30% multilocular. Cortical fenestration/perforation was documented in 30% of cases and 1 pathologic fracture was seen. Active decompression was performed for an average of 37 days (range 30-50 days). With this system, radiographic resolution occurred in 1-3 months in 50% of cases, 6-12 months in 30% of cases, and 12 months in 20% of cases. Mean follow-up was 24.3 months. No recurrence was documented. Complications included fistula development (2 cases), flap dehiscence (1 case), and the size of the intraoral unit.
CONCLUSIONS: This investigation reviewed the authors\' 5-year experience employing active decompression with distraction sugosteogenesis for the management of odontogenic cystic lesions and showed that this is a reliable alternative for the management of odontogenic cysts.