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Abstract：
Ameloblastoma is the most common benign odontogenic tumor with local invasion and high recurrence, which generally occurs in the jaw bones. Hypercalcemia is a common paraneoplastic syndrome that is commonly observed in patients with malignancies but rarely encountered in patients with benign tumors. Thus far, not many cases of ameloblastoma with hypercalcemia have been reported, and the pathogenic mechanism has not been studied in depth. This paper presents a case report of a 26-year-old male diagnosed with giant ameloblastoma of the mandible, accompanied by rare hypercalcemia. Additionally, a review of the relevant literature is conducted. This patient initially underwent marsupialization, yet this treatment was not effective, which indicated that the selection of the appropriate operation is of prime importance for improving the prognosis of patients with ameloblastoma. The tumor not only failed to shrink but gradually increased in size, accompanied by multiple complications including hypercalcemia, renal dysfunction, anemia, and cachexia. Due to the contradiction between the necessity of tumor resection and the patient\'s poor systemic condition, we implemented a multi-disciplinary team (MDT) meeting to better evaluate this patient\'s condition and design an individualized treatment strategy. The patient subsequently received a variety of interventions to improve the general conditions until he could tolerate surgery, and finally underwent the successful resection of giant ameloblastoma and reconstruction with vascularized fibular flap. No tumor recurrence or distance metastasis was observed during 5 years of follow-up. Additionally, the absence of hypercalcemia recurrence was also noted.
摘要：
成釉细胞瘤是最常见的良性牙源性肿瘤，具有局部侵袭性和高复发率，通常发生在颌骨中。高钙血症是一种常见的副肿瘤综合征，通常在恶性肿瘤患者中观察到，但在良性肿瘤患者中很少遇到。到目前为止,有高钙血症的成釉细胞瘤病例不多，致病机制尚未深入研究。本文介绍了一例26岁男性诊断为下颌骨巨大成釉细胞瘤的病例报告，伴有罕见的高钙血症。此外,对相关文献进行了回顾。这个病人最初接受了有袋化,然而这种治疗并不有效，这表明选择合适的手术对于改善成釉细胞瘤患者的预后至关重要。肿瘤不但没有缩小,反而逐渐增大,伴有多种并发症，包括高钙血症，肾功能不全,贫血,还有恶病质.由于肿瘤切除的必要性与患者全身状况差之间的矛盾,我们实施了一个多学科团队(MDT)会议,以更好地评估该患者的病情并设计个性化治疗策略.患者随后接受了各种干预措施以改善一般状况，直到他可以忍受手术，最终成功切除巨大成釉细胞瘤，并采用血管化腓骨皮瓣重建。随访5年无肿瘤复发或远处转移。此外,也注意到没有高钙血症复发.
