纺织工业负责产生大量含有多种染料化合物的废水。这会造成重大的环境危害,并有可能损害生态系统和生物体。本文探讨了吸附去除染料的研究进展,特别强调各种吸附剂的发展。本文提供了有关染料的毒性和分类的详细见解,不同的治疗技术,以及众多吸附剂的特性,特别注意层状双氢氧化物(LDH)和粘土矿物。完整的吸附剂清单,包括天然材料,农业副产品,工业废物,和活性炭,讨论了有效去除不同染料的方法。此外,这篇综述广泛考察了各种吸附变量的影响,如pH值,初始染料浓度,吸附剂用量,温度,接触时间,离子强度,和吸附剂的孔体积。此外,阐述了响应面法在优化吸附变量中的应用。通常,静电吸引,π-π相互作用,n-π相互作用,范德华部队,H-bonding,孔扩散在吸附机理中起主要作用。该评论还发现,LDH可以从废水中消除多种染料,实现优异的吸收能力通常超过500毫克/克,去除效率达99%。Langmuir等温线和伪二阶动力学方程对大多数吸附数据具有最佳拟合。总的来说,这篇综述为寻求可持续解决方案以解决纺织染料污染带来的环境挑战的研究人员和从业人员提供了宝贵的资源。
The textile industry is responsible for producing large volumes of wastewater that contain a wide variety of dye compounds. This poses a significant environmental hazard and risks harming both ecosystems and living organisms. This
review study explores the advancements in adsorption research for dye removal, with a particular emphasis on the development of various adsorbents. The article provides detailed insights into the toxicity and classification of dyes, different treatment techniques, and the characteristics of numerous adsorbents, with special attention to layered double hydroxides (LDH) and clay minerals. A comprehensive list of adsorbents, encompassing natural materials, agricultural by-products, industrial waste, and activated carbon, is discussed for effective removal of different dyes. Furthermore, the
review extensively examines the influence of various adsorption variables, such as pH, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dosage, temperature, contact time, ionic strength, and pore volume of the adsorbent. Additionally, the application of response surface methodology for optimizing adsorption variables is elucidated. Commonly, electrostatic attraction, π-π interactions, n-π interactions, van der Waals forces, H-bonding, and pore diffusion play a major role in adsorption mechanism. The
review also found that LDH can eliminate a wide range of dyes from wastewater, achieving excellent uptake capacities often exceeding 500 mg/g, with a removal efficiency of 99%. The Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic equations gave the best fit to most of the adsorption data. Overall, this
review serves as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners seeking sustainable solutions to address the environmental challenges posed by textile dye contamination.