炭疽病是一种人畜共患疾病,在布基纳法索引起牲畜和致命人类病例的频繁爆发。这种疾病的有效监测要求建立综合监测系统,符合“一个健康”的概念。然而,尽管国际合作伙伴提供了强有力的技术和财政支持,在综合方法中进行的监测仍然很差。基于利益相关者的观点,该研究旨在加深我们对炭疽监测系统的理解,并确定在布基纳法索采用更综合的炭疽监测方法的障碍和杠杆。
数据收集自文献综述和对监测利益相关方的访谈。我们首先对数据进行了定性的描述性分析,以描述监测系统的特征(程序,演员,协作)。第二步,我们对举报人的话语进行了主题分析,以确定什么代表障碍或,相反,一个更综合的方法来监控炭疽.
布基纳法索的炭疽病监测系统包括三个项目(在牲畜、野生动物和人类部门),涉及30个演员。这些部门方案几乎彼此独立运作,尽管在治理和实施监督活动方面存在一些合作。对主要利益攸关方的论述进行分析后,确定了可能影响该国综合监测系统实施的四类因素:知识;技术,组织和社会能力;动机;部门间治理。
这项研究强调了将“一个健康”治理转化为国家层面的困难,以及更好地阐明各类利益相关者愿景的必要性。这项研究还表明,有必要为综合政策制定具体的评估系统,以便为更好地管理人畜共患疾病提供可靠的证据,证明其附加值。最后,我们的研究强调,需要在人畜共患疾病的出现上游采取行动,并分配更多的资源来预防人畜共患疾病,而不是控制人畜共患疾病。
Anthrax is a zoonotic disease that causes frequent outbreaks in livestock and fatal human cases in Burkina Faso. Effective surveillance of this disease calls for the establishment of an
integrated surveillance system, in line with the One Health concept. However, despite a strong technical and financial support from international partners, surveillance is still poorly conducted within an
integrated approach. Based on stakeholder perspectives, the study has for objective to deepen our understanding of the anthrax surveillance system and to identify the obstacles and levers towards a more
integrated approach to anthrax surveillance in Burkina Faso.
The data was collected from a literature review and interviews with surveillance stakeholders. We first conducted a qualitative descriptive analysis of the data to characterize the surveillance system (programmes, actors, collaboration). In a second step, we conducted a thematic analysis of the informants\' discourse in order to identify what represents an obstacle or, conversely, a lever for a more integrated approach to anthrax surveillance.
The surveillance system of anthrax in Burkina Faso includes three programmes (in the livestock, wildlife and human sectors), which involves 30 actors. These sectoral programmes operate almost independently from one another, although some collaborations are existing for the governance and implementation of surveillance activities. Analysis of the discourse of key stakeholders led to the identification of four categories of factors that may influence the implementation of an
integrated surveillance system in the country: knowledge; technical, organizational and social capacities; motivation; intersectoral governance.
This study highlights the difficulty of translating One Health governance to the national level and the need to better articulate the visions of all categories of stakeholders. This study also reveals the need to develop specific evaluation systems for
integrated policies in order to provide credible evidence of their added value for a better management of zoonotic diseases. Finally, our study underlines the need to act upstream the emergence of zoonoses and allocate more resources to the prevention of zoonoses than to their control.