背景:肥胖被定义为异常或过度的脂肪积累,引发许多不同的疾病,如肥胖和2型糖尿病。2型糖尿病是一种以血糖水平升高为特征的慢性退行性疾病。肥胖和2型糖尿病目前被认为是公共健康问题。在过去的几年中,它们的患病率有所增加。因为这两种疾病的治疗费用都很高,已经寻求不同的替代方案。然而,一般人群使用药用植物,以茶或输液的形式,治疗不同的疾病。因此,已经研究了使用药用植物的传统医学作为2型糖尿病和体重控制的可能治疗方法。
目的:本综述的目的是寻找在墨西哥使用的药用植物,这些植物可以通过调节胰岛素分泌和控制体重来发挥有益作用。
方法:对于本综述的发展,在PubMed中搜索了用于传统医学治疗2型糖尿病和体重控制的墨西哥植物,谷歌学者,还有Scopus.纳入标准包括呈现血糖水平显著降低和/或胰岛素分泌增加的植物。
结果:我们发现了306种具有降血糖作用的墨西哥植物。然而,没有显示胰岛素分泌增加证据的植物被淘汰。最后,这篇评论中只包括了五种植物:苦瓜(melónamargo),葫芦(chilacayote),CoriandrumsativumL.(香菜),美国PerseaMill.(aguacate)比登斯皮罗萨(amorseco),共39条。这里,我们总结了以前报道的具有降血糖作用的植物提取物(水性和有机),体重控制,胰岛素分泌和敏感性增加,胰腺β细胞的改善,和葡萄糖耐量。此外,这些影响可能是由于植物提取物中存在不同的生物活性化合物。
结论:需要进行体内和体外研究,以了解这些植物提取物在胰岛素分泌方面的作用机制,以用作未来2型糖尿病和体重控制的可能治疗方法。
BACKGROUND: Obesity is defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation, provoking many different diseases, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is a chronic-degenerative disease characterized by increased blood glucose levels. Obesity and type 2 diabetes are currently considered public health problems, and their prevalence has increased over the last few years. Because of the high cost involved in the treatment of both diseases, different alternatives have been sought. However, the general population uses medicinal plants, in the form of tea or infusions, to treat different diseases. Therefore, traditional medicine using medicinal plants has been investigated as a possible treatment for type 2 diabetes and body weight control.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this
review is to find medicinal plants used in Mexico that could exert their beneficial effect by regulating insulin secretion and body weight control.
METHODS: For the development of this
review, Mexican plants used in traditional medicine to treat type 2 diabetes and body weight control were searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. The inclusion criteria include plants that presented a significant reduction in blood glucose levels and/or an increase in insulin secretion.
RESULTS: We found 306 Mexican plants with hypoglycemic effects. However, plants that did not show evidence of an increase in insulin secretion were eliminated. Finally, only five plants were included in this
review: Momordica charantia L. (melón amargo), Cucurbita ficifolia bouché (chilacayote), Coriandrum sativum L. (cilantro), Persea americana Mill. (aguacate) Bidens pilosa (amor seco), including 39 articles in total. Here, we summarized the plant extracts (aqueous and organic) that have previously been reported to present hypoglycemic effects, body weight control, increased secretion and sensitivity of insulin, improvement of pancreatic β cells, and glucose tolerance. Additionally, these effects may be due to different bioactive compounds present in the plants\' extracts.
CONCLUSIONS: Both in vivo and in vitro studies are required to understand the mechanism of action of these plant extracts regarding insulin secretion to be used as a possible treatment for type 2 diabetes and body weight control in the future.