UNASSIGNED: To assess the utility of wearable cameras in medical examinations, we created a physician-view video-based examination question and explanation, and the survey results indicated that these cameras can enhance the evaluation and educational capabilities of medical examinations.

BACKGROUND: Social media is essential in the lives of adolescents, with 97% of US teenagers engaging daily. While it facilitates communication, learning, and identity development, it also poses risks like harmful content exposure and psychological distress, particularly for adolescents in their critical developmental stage. Teaching digital life skills innovatively counters these risks, adapting traditional competencies such as decision-making, problem-solving, creative and critical thinking, communication, interpersonal skills, self-awareness, empathy, and emotional and stress management to digital challenges.
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the accessibility of the \"leduin\" program, a novel intervention designed to impart digital life skills through Instagram. The program aims to leverage social media\'s educational potential, focusing on effective strategies to engage adolescents. Emphasizing accessibility is crucial, as it determines the program\'s overall impact.
METHODS: The leduin program, developed through intervention mapping, applies behavior change techniques via social media for 9th and 10th graders. It is a 14-week spaced learning curriculum with daily sessions <5 minutes. Emphasizing the \"reach\" aspect of the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance (RE-AIM) model, the recruitment targets diverse educational settings across 6 German states, aiming for inclusivity. Recruitment will involve schools, youth centers, and therapeutic facilities. The study seeks at least 128 participants, a calculated minimum to detect medium-sized effects in the quasi-experimental design and explore varying engagement levels and program responses. Data collection includes preintervention, postintervention, and 6-month follow-up surveys, using multilevel regression, latent growth models, and qualitative analysis to extensively assess reach and gain first insights on effectiveness, acceptance, implementation, and maintenance. The study aims to reveal key factors influencing program participation and interaction; a detailed analysis of engagement patterns will reveal the effectiveness of the recruitment strategies and barriers to participation. Additionally, initial indications of the program\'s impact on life skills, social media-related skills, health status, risk behaviors, and academic performance will be analyzed.
RESULTS: Recruitment was planned from May 2023 until the beginning of the leduin program in October 2023. As of March 2024, we have recruited 283 participants.
CONCLUSIONS: The leduin program stands as an innovative and essential initiative in adolescent health promotion, harnessing the power of social media to teach important digital life skills. This study highlights the critical role of accessibility in the success of social media interventions. Effective adolescent engagement strategies are imperative, as they dictate the overall impact of such interventions. The insights gained from this study will be instrumental in shaping future programs, laying groundwork for a subsequent, more comprehensive cluster-randomized controlled trial. The study\'s design acknowledges the limitations of the current quasi-experimental approach, including the anticipated sample size and the absence of a control group, and aims to provide a foundational understanding for future research in this field.
BACKGROUND: Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien DRKS00032308; https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00032308.
UNASSIGNED: PRR1-10.2196/51085.

Introduction Impacted third molar extraction is frequently removed surgically by maxillofacial surgeons, which is mostly associated with postoperative sequelae like pain and swelling. It is essential to minimize the complications and enhance wound healing in the extracted socket of the third molar. Hence, this study aimed to assess the efficiency of advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) in wound healing and reducing pain after surgical extraction of the impacted mandibular third molar (IMTM). Materials and methods Thirty healthy patients who have been diagnosed with Pell and Gregory class II IMTM were included in this study. In the study group, which comprises 15 patients, extraction sockets were filled with A-PRF extract. In the control group, no material was placed in the extraction sockets. The pain was assessed preoperative and on the third and seventh postoperative days using a visual analog scale (VAS). Wound healing was assessed on the third and seventh postoperative days using a modified laundry scale. SPSS for Windows was used for data analysis. Categorical data was compared between the groups using the Chi-square test. P-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results The study population\'s mean age was 25.67 ± 2.4 years. Nineteen patients were male, and 11 patients were female. Differences in mean pain scores between the groups were not statistically significant both on the third postoperative day (p=0.59) and the seventh postoperative day (p=0.33). During the seventh day postoperative day, the study group exhibited better wound healing compared to the control group and the results were statistically significant (p=0.01). Conclusion A-PRF is a simple and effective method of reducing postoperative sequela by promoting wound healing after surgical extraction of IMTM. It has the advantage of less chance of allergic and anaphylactic reactions, unlike their predecessor platelet concentrates.

BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are well-established post-translational non-coding RNAs that play crucial roles in mRNA degradation and repression. Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) showed correlation along with various miRNA, specifically miRNA10a expression in lung cancers. The role of miRNA10a along with glucose upregulation leading to cancer proliferation in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the expression levels of miRNA10a and GLUT1 in OSCC patients with diabetes.
METHODS: miRNA10a and GLUT1 expression were estimated in OSCC, precancerous, and healthy tissues using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). miRNA10a and GLUT1 expression levels were recorded as fold change. Further, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was performed to find whether there is any difference in miRNA10a and GLUT1 expression between OSCC, precancerous, and healthy tissues.
RESULTS: The RT-PCR findings revealed an increased expression of miRNA10a and GLUT1 in OSCC compared to precancerous and healthy tissue. There is a positive correlation between miRNA10a and GLUT1 expression levels in both potentially malignant and control tissues, with a marked increase in cancerous tissue. This study demonstrated the significance of upregulated miRNA10a expression, indicating a direct correlation with OSCC proliferation via GLUT1 overexpression. Specifically, miRNA10a exhibited a fold change of 1.2±0.072 in potentially malignant tissue and 1.4±0.05 in cancer tissue, while GLUT1 exhibited a fold change of 1.25±0.092 in potentially malignant tissue and 0.092±0.08 in cancer tissue, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: This research highlights the role of miRNA10a in cancer progression by facilitating proliferation through the regulation of GLUT1 in cancerous tissues, particularly in hyperglycemic conditions. This mechanism further contributes to increased glucose transport in cancer patients, which may potentially impede tumor prognosis. These findings underscore the potential significance of targeting miRNA10a and GLUT1 as therapeutic interventions in cancer management.

BACKGROUND: Sexual assault (SA) can lead to a range of adverse effects on physical, sexual, and mental health, as well as on one\'s social life, financial stability, and overall quality of life. However, not all people who experience SA will develop negative functional outcomes. Various risk and protective factors can influence psycho-socio-judicial trajectories. However, how these factors influence trauma adaptation and the onset of early posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is not always clear.
OBJECTIVE: Guided by an ecological framework, this project has 3 primary objectives: (1) to describe the 1-year psycho-socio-judicial trajectories of individuals recently exposed to SA who sought consultation with a forensic practitioner; (2) to identify predictive factors for the development of PTSD during the initial forensic examination using artificial intelligence; and (3) to explore the perceptions, needs, and experiences of individuals who have been sexually assaulted.
METHODS: This longitudinal multicentric cohort study uses a mixed methods approach. Quantitative cohort data are collected through an initial questionnaire completed by the physician during the first forensic examination and through follow-up telephone questionnaires at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year after the SA. The questionnaires measure factors associated with PTSD, mental, physical, social, and overall functional outcomes, as well as psycho-socio-judicial trajectories. Cohort participants are recruited through their forensic examination at 1 of the 5 participating centers based in France. Eligible participants are aged 15 or older, have experienced SA in the last 30 days, are fluent in French, and can be reached by phone. Qualitative data are gathered through semistructured interviews with cohort participants, individuals who have experienced SA but are not part of the cohort, and professionals involved in their psycho-socio-judicial care.
RESULTS: Bivariate and multivariate analyses will be conducted to examine the associations between each variable and mental, physical, social, and judicial outcomes. Predictive analyses will be performed using multiple prediction algorithms to forecast PTSD. Qualitative data will be integrated with quantitative data to identify psycho-socio-judicial trajectories and enhance the prediction of PTSD. Additionally, data on the perceptions and needs of individuals who have experienced SA will be analyzed independently to gain a deeper understanding of their experiences and requirements.
CONCLUSIONS: This project will collect extensive qualitative and quantitative data that have never been gathered over such an extended period, leading to unprecedented insights into the psycho-socio-judicial trajectories of individuals who have recently experienced SA. It represents the initial phase of developing a functional artificial intelligence tool that forensic practitioners can use to better guide individuals who have recently experienced SA, with the aim of preventing the onset of PTSD. Furthermore, it will contribute to addressing the existing gap in the literature regarding the accessibility and effectiveness of support services for individuals who have experienced SA in Europe. This comprehensive approach, encompassing the entire psycho-socio-judicial continuum and taking into account the viewpoints of SA survivors, will enable the generation of innovative recommendations for enhancing their care across all stages, starting from the initial forensic examination.
UNASSIGNED: DERR1-10.2196/46652.

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of two commercially available probiotics (BIFILAC and VSL 3) as intracanal medicament against Enterococcus faecalis in endodontic therapy.
METHODS: Microorganisms from commercially available probiotics (BIFILAC and VSL 3) were extracted via the manufacturer\'s recommendations and mixed by weight. About 30 microliters were then placed on sterile discs. The pathogenic test organism was E. faecalis set to a 1 McFarland standard challenge. A two-probiotic disc template on blood agar plates was inoculated with E. faecalis and incubated at 37°C for 48 hours and 1 week respectively. Phase-1 of the study was conducted by a disc diffusion assay test to evaluate zones of inhibition (ZOI) in millimeters (mm). Phase-2 was conducted by mixing 9 mL of 30% poloxamer 407 and MRS broth in a test tube, together with the two probiotic mixtures and E. faecalis, set at a 2 McFarland standard. Serial dilutions up to 108 were done and the mixture was placed inside root canals and incubated at 37ºC for 36 hours and evaluated for colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL counts.
RESULTS: The results of phase-1 showed that probiotics Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium species are effective in fighting against E. faecalis with the acceptable zone of inhibition. The results of phase-2 showed that both the probiotics are effective against E. faecalis with a reduction in the number of CFU after probiotic usage.
CONCLUSIONS: Commercially available probiotics can be used effectively as an intracanal medicament to fight against E. faecalis, Poloxamer 407 is a promising vehicle for delivering probiotics inside the root canal system. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to determine the full potential of \"Bacteriotherapy\" with an application of probiotics.
CONCLUSIONS: If probiotics are proved to be an effective intracanal medicament against E.faecalis they can be used as an alternative to calcium hydroxide as intracanal medicament with no side effects to the host.

Crossbite is a type of malocclusion in which teeth are positioned more buccally or lingually than their corresponding opposing tooth in the upper or lower dental arch, resulting in a lateral mismatch of the teeth in the dental arches. Crossbite can be unilateral or bilateral, and it can be anterior or posterior. The link between crossbite and skeletal growth pattern remains uncertain. The current study aimed to find the prevalence of crossbite in subjects visiting a private dental hospital and evaluate if there is any association between crossbite and skeletal growth pattern. Data required for the study were procured from the dental information archiving software. The data were sorted and entered into an Excel spreadsheet. IBM SPSS software version 23 was used to conduct the statistical analysis. Graphs and tables were used to interpret the findings. the prevalence of crossbite was found to be 6.4%. Subjects with horizontal growth pattern commonly had crossbite, but no statistical significance (P = 0.07), standard deviation (1.011), was noted. There was no statistically significant association between different skeletal growth patterns however subjects with horizontal growth pattern reported more commonly with crossbite.

Increasing use of emergency departments (EDs) by patients with low urgency, combined with limited availability of medical staff, results in extended waiting times and delayed care. Technological approaches could possibly increase efficiency by providing urgency advice and symptom assessments.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety of urgency advice provided by a symptom assessment app, Ada, in an ED.
The study was conducted at the interdisciplinary ED of Marburg University Hospital, with data collection performed between August 2019 and March 2020. This study had a single-center cross-sectional prospective observational design and included 378 patients. The app\'s urgency recommendation was compared with an established triage concept (Manchester Triage System [MTS]), including patients from the lower 3 MTS categories only. For all patients who were undertriaged, an expert physician panel assessed the case to detect potential avoidable hazardous situations (AHSs).
Of 378 participants, 344 (91%) were triaged the same or more conservatively and 34 (8.9%) were undertriaged by the app. Of the 378 patients, 14 (3.7%) had received safe advice determined by the expert panel and 20 (5.3%) were considered to be potential AHS. Therefore, the assessment could be considered safe in 94.7% (358/378) of the patients when compared with the MTS assessment. From the 3 lowest MTS categories, 43.4% (164/378) of patients were not considered as emergency cases by the app, but could have been safely treated by a general practitioner or would not have required a physician consultation at all.
The app provided urgency advice after patient self-triage that has a high rate of safety, a rate of undertriage, and a rate of triage with potential to be an AHS, equivalent to telephone triage by health care professionals while still being more conservative than direct ED triage. A large proportion of patients in the ED were not considered as emergency cases, which could possibly relieve ED burden if used at home. Further research should be conducted in the at-home setting to evaluate this hypothesis.
German Clinical Trial Registration DRKS00024909; https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do? navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00024909.

Massive (or life-threatening) haemoptysis is a time-sensitive emergency encountered by a physician that requires an interdisciplinary, collaborative effort to arrest the bleeding in a prompt and timely manner. Placement of an endobronchial Watanabe spigot (EWS) to halt haemoptysis is a relatively recent technique finding its wide application in airway pathology, with the current extension of its use to bronchial bleeding. However, the lack of immediate access to EWS gives rise to the need to innovate with day-to-day materials used in routine surgical practice and available in resource-limited settings, which may serve the purpose of a spigot. In this report, we bring to light a case of life-threatening, cryptogenic haemoptysis that was managed by a novel technique of using peanut gauze as a spigot resulting in a successful endobronchial tamponade.

BACKGROUND: When someone needs to know whether and when to seek medical attention, there are a range of options to consider. Each will have consequences for the individual (primarily considering trust, convenience, usefulness, and opportunity costs) and for the wider health system (affecting clinical throughput, cost, and system efficiency). Digital symptom assessment technologies that leverage artificial intelligence may help patients navigate to the right type of care with the correct degree of urgency. However, a recent review highlighted a gap in the literature on the real-world usability of these technologies.
OBJECTIVE: We sought to explore the usability, acceptability, and utility of one such symptom assessment technology, Ada, in a primary care setting.
METHODS: Patients with a new complaint attending a primary care clinic in South London were invited to use a custom version of the Ada symptom assessment mobile app. This exploratory pilot study was conducted between November 2017 and January 2018 in a practice with 20,000 registered patients. Participants were asked to complete an Ada self-assessment about their presenting complaint on a study smartphone, with assistance provided if required. Perceptions on the app and its utility were collected through a self-completed study questionnaire following completion of the Ada self-assessment.
RESULTS: Over a 3-month period, 523 patients participated. Most were female (n=325, 62.1%), mean age 39.79 years (SD 17.7 years), with a larger proportion (413/506, 81.6%) of working-age individuals (aged 15-64) than the general population (66.0%). Participants rated Ada\'s ease of use highly, with most (511/522, 97.8%) reporting it was very or quite easy. Most would use Ada again (443/503, 88.1%) and agreed they would recommend it to a friend or relative (444/520, 85.3%). We identified a number of age-related trends among respondents, with a directional trend for more young respondents to report Ada had provided helpful advice (50/54, 93%, 18-24-year olds reported helpful) than older respondents (19/32, 59%, adults aged 70+ reported helpful). We found no sex differences on any of the usability questions fielded. While most respondents reported that using the symptom checker would not have made a difference in their care-seeking behavior (425/494, 86.0%), a sizable minority (63/494, 12.8%) reported they would have used lower-intensity care such as self-care, pharmacy, or delaying their appointment. The proportion was higher for patients aged 18-24 (11/50, 22%) than aged 70+ (0/28, 0%).
CONCLUSIONS: In this exploratory pilot study, the digital symptom checker was rated as highly usable and acceptable by patients in a primary care setting. Further research is needed to confirm whether the app might appropriately direct patients to timely care, and understand how this might save resources for the health system. More work is also needed to ensure the benefits accrue equally to older age groups.