一个健壮的,良好的免疫系统是健康的基石。各种因素可能会影响免疫系统的有效性,有可能导致免疫系统失效.这篇综述旨在概述从非洲药用植物中分离出的免疫调节剂的结构和作用。这项研究是根据PRISMA指南进行的。截至2023年12月以英文发表的全文访问研究文章,包括植物特征,分离的植物化学物质,和免疫调节活性,被筛选。使用ChemDraw®(版本12.0.1076)产生分离的化合物的化学结构,并强调了趋同和独特的信号通路。这些具有免疫刺激活性的植物化学物质包括生物碱(小檗碱,胡椒碱,magnoflorine),多糖(果胶,葡聚糖,acemannan,CALB-4,GMP90-1),糖苷(丁香素,科迪叶苷,Tinocordiside,aucubin),酚类化合物(阿魏酸,香草酸,eupalitin),黄酮类化合物(姜黄素,centaurein,Kaempferin,木犀草素,guajaverin,等。),萜类化合物(齐墩果酸,熊果酸,桦木酸,乳香酸,科罗索酸,Nimbidin,穿心莲假期)。这些讨论的化合物通过各种机制发挥其作用,针对MAPK的调制,PI3K-Akt,和NF-kB。这些机制可以支持传统使用药用植物来治疗免疫相关疾病。本概述的结果是引发结构作用优化,为了研究特定的天然化学物质来控制炎症,传染病和癌症,或增强疫苗的免疫原性。
A robust, well-functioning immune system is the cornerstone of good health. Various factors may influence the immune system\'s effectiveness, potentially leading to immune system failure. This
review aims to provide an overview of the structure and action of
immunomodulators isolated from African medicinal plants. The research was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Full-text access research articles published in English up to December 2023, including plant characteristics, isolated phytochemicals, and immuno-modulatory activities, were screened. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were generated using ChemDraw® (version 12.0.1076), and convergent and distinctive signaling pathways were highlighted. These phytochemicals with demonstrated immunostimulatory activity include alkaloids (berberine, piperine, magnoflorine), polysaccharides (pectin, glucan, acemannan, CALB-4, GMP90-1), glycosides (syringin, cordifolioside, tinocordiside, aucubin), phenolic compounds (ferulic acid, vanillic acid, eupalitin), flavonoids (curcumin, centaurein, kaempferin, luteolin, guajaverin, etc.), terpenoids (oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, betulinic acid, boswellic acids, corosolic acid, nimbidin, andrographolides). These discussed compounds exert their effects through various mechanisms, targeting the modulation of MAPKs, PI3K-Akt, and NF-kB. These mechanisms can support the traditional use of medicinal plants to treat immune-related diseases. The outcomes of this overview are to provoke structural action optimization, to orient research on particular natural chemicals for managing inflammatory, infectious diseases and cancers, or to boost vaccine immunogenicity.