背景:在全球范围内,COVID-19正从急性大流行阶段过渡到急性后阶段,此时应特别注意COVID-19控制策略。了解公众的知识和态度在控制COVID-19的传播中起着关键作用,并提供有关公众遵守预防和控制措施的信息。
目的:本研究方案描述了一项调查的计划和管理,以调查有关COVID-19,疫苗接种,18岁及以上家庭接触者的非药物预防措施,在西班牙加泰罗尼亚和纳瓦拉大流行的急性期之后。次要目标包括调查家庭二次传播率,考虑到人口特征,临床表现,以及针对COVID-19的预防措施。
方法:设计了一个电话问卷来评估知识的变化趋势,预防措施,和对COVID-19的态度分3轮(在确定为家庭接触者后,3个月后,6个月后)。问卷是经过广泛的文献综述,并通过与一个专家小组的讨论制定的,这些专家小组设计和评估了问卷的有效性,一致性,完整性,和清晰度。问卷由以下7个部分组成:社会和人口特征(即,性别,年龄,教育水平,和工作场所),合并症和危险因素(根据COVID-19疫苗接种策略的建议),流行病学数据(即,曝光时间,与索引案例的关系,和使用非药物预防措施的频率),COVID-19疫苗接种状况(即,收到的剂量数量和日期),对COVID-19的知识和态度(使用5点李克特量表评估-完全同意,同意,既不同意也不反对,不同意,并且完全不同意),和信息来源(包括传统大众媒体,社交媒体,和官方消息来源)。
结果:2022年5月进行了一项试点研究,以评估22名家庭接触者的问卷。初步调查结果表明,问卷在一般人群中是可行和可接受的。平均反应时间为15分钟,年龄较大的参与者的反应差异更大。在试点研究之后,开始招募参与者,预计将于2023年底完成,之后最终结果将于2024年公布。
结论:尽管SARS-CoV-2的传播水平较低,并且放松了控制措施,在急性期实施调查将为协助公共卫生决策和控制SARS-CoV-2和其他呼吸道病毒的传播提供宝贵的见解,从而在个体和群体水平上减轻COVID-19的负面影响。
■DERR1-10.2196/52114。
BACKGROUND: Globally, COVID-19 is in transition from the acute pandemic phase into a postacute phase, and special attention should be paid at this time to COVID-19 control strategies. Understanding public knowledge and attitudes plays a pivotal role in controlling COVID-19\'s spread and provides information about the public\'s adherence to preventive and control measures.
OBJECTIVE: This
study protocol describes the planning and management of a survey to investigate the persistent or changing trends in knowledge and attitudes regarding COVID-19, vaccination, and nonpharmaceutical preventive measures among COVID-19 cases\' household contacts aged 18 years and older, after the acute phase of the pandemic in Catalonia and Navarre in Spain. The secondary objectives include investigating the rate of secondary transmission in households, taking into account the demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, and preventive measures toward COVID-19.
METHODS: A telephone questionnaire was designed to assess the changing trends in knowledge, preventive measures, and attitudes toward COVID-19 in 3 rounds (after identification as a household contact, 3 months later, and 6 months later). The questionnaire was developed following an extensive literature review and through discussions with a panel of experts who designed and assessed the validity of the questionnaire in terms of relevance, consistency, completeness, and clarity. The questionnaire consists of the following 7 sections: social and demographic characteristics (ie, gender, age, educational level, and workplace), comorbidities and risk factors (according to the recommendations from the COVID-19 vaccination strategy), epidemiological data (ie, exposure time, relationship with index cases, and frequency of use of nonpharmaceutical preventive measures), COVID-19 vaccination status (ie, the number and date of doses received), knowledge and attitudes toward COVID-19 (assessed using a 5-point Likert scale-totally agree, agree, neither agree nor disagree, disagree, and totally disagree), and sources of information (including traditional mass media, social media, and official sources).
RESULTS: A pilot
study was performed in May 2022 to evaluate the questionnaire with 22 household contacts. Preliminary findings indicated that the questionnaire was feasible and acceptable in the general population. The average response time was 15 minutes, with greater variations in responses by older participants. After the pilot
study, recruitment of participants began and is expected to be completed at the end of the year 2023, after which the final results will be available in 2024.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite the low transmission levels of SARS-CoV-2 and the relaxation of containment measures, the implementation of the survey during the postacute phase will provide valuable insight to assist public health decision-making and control the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses, thereby attenuating the negative effects of COVID-19 at individual and population level.
UNASSIGNED: DERR1-10.2196/52114.