■2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)已成为全球主要的公共卫生挑战。此外,单纯疱疹病毒1型(HSV-1)和2型(HSV-2)是广泛存在的病毒,可引起口唇疱疹和生殖器疱疹。一些临床病例报告表明两者之间可能存在关联,然而,两者之间的因果关系尚未明确。
■本研究采用孟德尔随机化(MR)方法,根据最新的公共卫生数据和全基因组关联研究(GWAS)数据,对COVID-19感染和HSV感染之间的因果关系进行评估。多重因果估计方法,如IVW,加权中位数,简单模式,和加权模式,用于验证COVID-19感染和HSV感染之间的因果关系,COVID-19感染,COVID-19住院,和严重的COVID-19作为暴露,和HSV1/2感染作为结果。随后进行反向MR分析。
■MR分析显示,COVID-19感染与HSV1感染风险降低相关(p=7.603239e-152,OR=0.5690,95CI=0.5455-0.5935,IVW)。关于COVID-19感染对HSV2的影响,MR分析表明,COVID-19感染与HSV2感染风险增加相关(p=6.46735e-11,OR=1.1137,95CI=1.0782-1.1502,IVW)。反向MR分析未显示HSV与COVID-19之间存在反向因果关系。
■总之,COVID-19感染可能导致HSV1感染风险降低,HSV2感染风险升高。
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a main global public health challenge. Additionally, herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) are widespread viruses that can cause orolabial herpes and genital herpes. Several clinical case reports have declared a possible association between the two, however, the causal relationship between them has not been clarified.
This
study utilized a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach for causality assessment between COVID-19 infection and HSV infection based on the latest public health data and Genome-Wide Association
Study (GWAS) data. Multiple causal estimation methods, such as IVW, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode, were employed to validate the causal relation between COVID-19 infection and HSV infection, with COVID-19 infection, COVID-19 hospitalization, and severe COVID-19 as exposures, and HSV1/2 infection as the outcome. A reverse MR analysis was subsequently performed.
MR analysis exhibited that COVID-19 infection was relevant to a reduced risk of HSV1 infection (p=7.603239e-152, OR=0.5690, 95%CI=0.5455-0.5935, IVW). Regarding the effect of COVID-19 infection on HSV2, MR analysis suggested that COVID-19 infection was correlated with an augmented risk of HSV2 infection (p=6.46735e-11, OR=1.1137, 95%CI=1.0782-1.1502, IVW). The reverse MR analysis did not demonstrate a reverse causal relationship between HSV and COVID-19.
Altogether, COVID-19 infection might cause a decreased risk of HSV1 infection and an elevated risk of HSV2 infection.