背景:据推测,营养可能会影响皮肤黑色素瘤(CM)的风险;因此,我们旨在评估希腊人群中食物组和个体营养素摄入量与CM的关联。
方法:在本病例对照研究中,151例经组织学证实的CM,在“Laikon”大学医院肿瘤科(雅典,希腊),和居住在雅典都会区的151名年龄和性别匹配的健康个体,在参与者中招募进行常规健康检查,包括在内。所有参与者都填写了一份包含人体测量的问卷,社会人口统计学,生活方式,和健康相关变量。一个经过验证的,半定量食物频率问卷用于评估发病前12个月内136种食物的平均消费量.使用多变量条件回归模型得出9种食物组和7种常量营养素与CM之间关联的比值比(OR),置信区间为95%(95%CI)。
结果:发现与CM具有统计学意义的正相关,能量摄入(OR:1.67,95%CI:1.22-2.30)和饱和脂肪酸摄入(OR:2.28,95%CI:1.00-5.28),在调整了对太阳的敏感度之后,抑郁症病史,酒精摄入量。与更高的牛奶和乳制品摄入量的反向关联(OR:0.65,95%CI:0.48-0.88),水果(OR:0.68,95%CI:0.51-0.90),添加脂质(OR:0.65,95%CI:0.47-0.91),还观察到糖和糖浆(OR:0.70,95%CI:0.53-0.93)。
结论:除了内在风险因素,我们的结果支持CM与多种食物和营养素的关联;如果通过前瞻性研究证实,这些发现可以进一步了解这种致命的癌症。
BACKGROUND: It has been postulated that nutrition may influence the risk for cutaneous melanoma (CM); therefore, we aimed to assess the associations of food groups and individual nutrient intakes with CM in a Greek population.
METHODS: In this
case-control study, 151 patients with histologically confirmed CM, newly diagnosed and treated in the Oncology Department of the \"Laikon\" University Hospital (Athens,
Greece), and 151 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals residing in the Athens metropolitan area, recruited among participants for routine health examinations, were included. All participants completed a questionnaire comprising anthropometric measurements, sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health-related variables. A validated, semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess average consumption of 136 food items during the 12 months preceding the onset of disease. Multivariate conditional regression models were used to derive odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) regarding the association of nine food groups and seven macronutrients with CM.
RESULTS: Statistically significant positive associations with CM were found with higher energy intake (OR: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.22-2.30) and intake of saturated fatty acids (OR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.00-5.28), after adjusting for sun sensitivity, major depression history, and alcohol intake. Inverse associations with higher intake of milk and dairy products (OR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.48-0.88), fruits (OR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.51-0.90), added lipids (OR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.47-0.91), and sugars and syrups (OR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.53-0.93) were also observed.
CONCLUSIONS: Beyond intrinsic risk factors, our results support associations of CM with multiple food groups and nutrients; if confirmed by prospective studies, these findings can add further knowledge about this fatal cancer.