围绕自然与养育的争论仍然是神经科学的核心问题,心理学,在精神病学中,对衰老过程和精神疾病的病因都有影响。表观遗传学可以作为遗传易感性和环境影响之间的桥梁,从而为解决这些问题提供了一个潜在的途径。表观遗传时钟,特别是,提供了一个基于DNA甲基化特征测量生物年龄的理论框架,能够识别生物年龄和实际年龄之间的差异。此结构化综述旨在巩固有关精神障碍与大脑中表观遗传年龄之间关系的最新知识。通过全面的文献检索,包括EBSCO等数据库,PubMed,和ClinicalTrials.gov,确定并分析了相关研究。对符合纳入标准的研究进行了审查,专注于那些样本量大的人,分析脑组织和血液样本,额叶皮层标记的调查,并特别强调精神分裂症和抑郁症。我们的审查揭示了很少的重要发现,然而,从符合特定标准的研究中得出了值得注意的见解。以广泛的样本量为特征的研究,分析脑组织和血液样本,额叶皮质标记的评估,对精神分裂症和抑郁症的关注产生了特别值得注意的结果。尽管重要的发现数量有限,这些研究揭示了表观遗传衰老和精神疾病之间复杂的相互作用。虽然目前关于精神疾病表观遗传衰老的大量文献提供了有限的重要发现,它强调了在这一领域进一步研究的重要性。未来的研究应该优先考虑大样本量,全面分析脑组织和血液样本,探索特定的大脑区域,如额叶皮层,重点关注关键的精神障碍。这些努力将有助于更深入地理解表观遗传衰老与精神疾病之间的关系,可能为新的诊断和治疗方法提供信息。
The debate surrounding nature versus nurture remains a central question in neuroscience, psychology, and in psychiatry, holding implications for both aging processes and the etiology of mental illness. Epigenetics can serve as a bridge between genetic predisposition and environmental influences, thus offering a potential avenue for addressing these questions. Epigenetic clocks, in particular, offer a theoretical framework for measuring biological age based on DNA methylation signatures, enabling the identification of disparities between biological and chronological age. This structured
review seeks to consolidate current knowledge regarding the relationship between mental disorders and epigenetic age within the brain. Through a comprehensive literature search encompassing databases such as EBSCO, PubMed, and ClinicalTrials.gov, relevant studies were identified and analyzed. Studies that met inclusion criteria were scrutinized, focusing on those with large sample sizes, analyses of both brain tissue and blood samples, investigation of frontal cortex markers, and a specific emphasis on schizophrenia and depressive disorders. Our
review revealed a paucity of significant findings, yet notable insights emerged from studies meeting specific criteria. Studies characterized by extensive sample sizes, analysis of brain tissue and blood samples, assessment of frontal cortex markers, and a focus on schizophrenia and depressive disorders yielded particularly noteworthy results. Despite the limited number of significant findings, these studies shed light on the complex interplay between epigenetic aging and mental illness. While the current body of literature on epigenetic aging in mental disorders presents limited significant findings, it underscores the importance of further research in this area. Future studies should prioritize large sample sizes, comprehensive analyses of brain tissue and blood samples, exploration of specific brain regions such as the frontal cortex, and a focus on key mental disorders. Such endeavors will contribute to a deeper understanding of the relationship between epigenetic aging and mental illness, potentially informing novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.